Evidence mapPaperPMID 36917314Full record

ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2023

Brain washing and neural health: role of age, sleep, and the cerebrospinal fluid melatonin rhythm.

Russel J Reiter, Ramaswamy Sharma, Maira Smaniotto Cucielo, Dun Xian Tan, Sergio Rosales-Corral, Giuseppe Gancitano, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Engineering a heme-dependent tryptophan hydroxylase pathway inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026
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  14. New Perspectives on the Role and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Diseases.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2024
    Review
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  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Russel J ReiterDepartment of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. reiter@uthscsa.edu.
Ramaswamy SharmaDepartment of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. sharmar3@uthscsa.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-5305
Maira Smaniotto CucieloDepartment of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil.
Dun Xian TanS.T. Bio-Life, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Sergio Rosales-CorralCentro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Giuseppe Gancitano1st "Tuscania" Paratrooper Regiment, Italian Ministry of Defense, 57127, Leghorn, Italy.
Luiz Gustavo de Almeida ChuffaDepartment of Structural and Functional Biology-IBB/UNESP, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio · USUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) · BRMexican Social Security Institute · MXMinistry of Defence · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The brain lacks a classic lymphatic drainage system. How it is cleansed of damaged proteins, cellular debris, and molecular by-products has remained a mystery for decades. Recent discoveries have identified a hybrid system that includes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled perivascular spaces and classic lymph vessels in the dural covering of the brain and spinal cord that functionally cooperate to remove toxic and non-functional trash from the brain. These two components functioning together are referred to as the glymphatic system. We propose that the high levels of melatonin secreted by the pineal gland directly into the CSF play a role in flushing pathological molecules such as amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) from the brain via this network. Melatonin is a sleep-promoting agent, with waste clearance from the CNS being highest especially during slow wave sleep. Melatonin is also a potent and versatile antioxidant that prevents neural accumulation of oxidatively-damaged molecules which contribute to neurological decline. Due to its feedback actions on the suprachiasmatic nucleus, CSF melatonin rhythm functions to maintain optimal circadian rhythmicity, which is also critical for preserving neurocognitive health. Melatonin levels drop dramatically in the frail aged, potentially contributing to neurological failure and dementia. Melatonin supplementation in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) defers Aβ accumulation, enhances its clearance from the CNS, and prolongs animal survival. In AD patients, preliminary data show that melatonin use reduces neurobehavioral signs such as sundowning. Finally, melatonin controls the mitotic activity of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone, suggesting its involvement in neuronal renewal.

Indexed as

AgingBrainGlymphatic SystemMelatoninSleepAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesAnimalsHumansAmyloid beta-PeptidesMelatoninApoptosisBrain metabolismBrain ventriclesCSF flowDural lymphaticsGlioblastomaGlymphatic systemLumbar cisternNeurodegenerative diseasesRedox homeostasisSubventricular zoneTau proteinVirchow-Robin perivascular spaces

Identifiers

PMID36917314
PMCPMC11072793
OpenAlexW4324129871

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.