Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36917435›Full record

SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2023

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on Blood Lactate Levels and Cognition in Healthy Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression.

Nithin Jacob, Isis So, Bhanu Sharma, Susan Marzolini, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Paul Oh, Robin Green

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
11.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Lactate Metabolism in Health and Disease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Nithin JacobKITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, 550 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
Isis SoKITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, 550 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
Bhanu SharmaDepartment of Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Susan MarzoliniKITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, 550 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
Maria Carmela TartagliaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Paul OhKITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, 550 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
Robin GreenKITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, 550 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada. robin.green@uhn.ca.ORCID 0000-0001-9451-3963
University Health Network · CAMcMaster University · CA

Funding

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada UT458054
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSome health benefits from high-intensity interval training (HIIT) are facilitated by peripheral blood lactate levels. However, the lactate response from HIIT is variable and dependent on protocol parameters.

objectivesWe aimed to determine the HIIT protocol parameters that elicited peak lactate levels, and how these levels are associated with post-HIIT cognitive performance. STUDY

designWe conducted a systematic review with meta-regression.

methodsMEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL + were searched from database inception to 8 April, 2022. Peer-reviewed primary research in healthy adults that determined lactate (mmol/L) and cognitive performance after one HIIT session was included. Mixed-effects meta-regressions determined the protocol parameters that elicited peak lactate levels, and linear regressions modelled the relationship between lactate levels and cognitive performance.

resultsStudy entries (n = 226) involving 2560 participants (mean age 24.1 ± 4.7 years) were included in the meta-regression. A low total work-interval volume (~ 5 min), recovery intervals that are about five times longer than work intervals, and a medium session volume (~ 15 min), elicited peak lactate levels, even when controlling for intensity, fitness (peak oxygen consumption) and blood measurement methods. Lactate levels immediately post-HIIT explained 14-17% of variance in Stroop interference condition at 30 min post-HIIT.

conclusionsA HIIT protocol that uses the above parameters (e.g., 8 × 30-s maximal intensity with 90-s recovery) can elicit peak lactate, a molecule that is known to benefit the central nervous system and be involved in exercise training adaptations. This review reports the state of the science in regard to the lactate response following HIIT, which is relevant to those in the sports medicine field designing HIIT training programs. TRIAL REGISTRY: Clinical Trial Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020204400).

Indexed as

High-Intensity Interval TrainingAdultCentral Nervous SystemCognitionExerciseHumansLactic AcidOxygen ConsumptionYoung AdultLactic Acid

Identifiers

PMID36917435
OpenAlexW4324129580

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.