Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36918997›Full record

ArticleSystematic reviews2023

Saturated fat and human health: a protocol for a methodologically innovative systematic review and meta-analysis to inform public health nutrition guidelines.

Bradley C Johnston, Dena Zeraatkar, Jeremy Steen, Diego Rada Fernandez de Jauregui, Hongfei Zhu, Mingyao Sun, Matthew Cooper, Malgorzata Maraj, Anna Prokop-Dorner, Boris Castro Reyes and 15 more

Full text readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Systematic reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Bradley C JohnstonDepartment of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. bradley.johnston@tamu.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-8872-8626
Dena ZeraatkarDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jeremy SteenFaculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Diego Rada Fernandez de JaureguiPreventive Medicine and Public Health Department, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Hongfei ZhuEvidence Based Social Science Research Centre, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Mingyao SunEvidence Based Nursing Centre, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Matthew CooperDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Malgorzata MarajDepartment of Hygiene and Dietetics, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Anna Prokop-DornerDepartment of Medical Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Boris Castro ReyesIberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute San Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
Claudia ValliIberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute San Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
Dawid StormanDepartment of Hygiene and Dietetics, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
Giorgio KaramMax Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Joanna ZajacDepartment of Hygiene and Dietetics, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Long GeDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Mateusz J SwierzDepartment of Hygiene and Dietetics, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
Nirjhar GhoshDepartment of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Robin W M VernooijDepartment of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Yaping ChangDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Yunli ZhaoDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Lehana ThabaneDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Gordon H GuyattDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Pablo Alonso-CoelloIberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute San Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
Lee HooperNorwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
Malgorzata M BalaDepartment of Hygiene and Dietetics, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe health effects of dietary fats are a controversial issue on which experts and authoritative organizations have often disagreed. Care providers, guideline developers, policy-makers, and researchers use systematic reviews to advise patients and members of the public on optimal dietary habits, and to formulate public health recommendations and policies. Existing reviews, however, have serious limitations that impede optimal dietary fat recommendations, such as a lack of focus on outcomes important to people, substantial risk of bias (RoB) issues, ignoring absolute estimates of effects together with comprehensive assessments of the certainty of the estimates for all outcomes.

objectiveWe therefore propose a methodologically innovative systematic review using direct and indirect evidence on diet and food-based fats (i.e., reduction or replacement of saturated fat with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fat, or carbohydrates or protein) and the risk of important health outcomes.

methodsWe will collaborate with an experienced research librarian to search MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) addressing saturated fat and our health outcomes of interest. In duplicate, we will screen, extract results from primary studies, assess their RoB, conduct de novo meta-analyses and/or network meta-analysis, assess the impact of missing outcome data on meta-analyses, present absolute effect estimates, and assess the certainty of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE contextualized approach. Our work will inform recommendations on saturated fat based on international standards for reporting systematic reviews and guidelines.

conclusionOur systematic review and meta-analysis will provide the most comprehensive and rigorous summary of the evidence addressing the relationship between saturated fat modification for people-important health outcomes. The evidence from this review will be used to inform public health nutrition guidelines.

trial registrationPROSPERO Registration: CRD42023387377 .

Indexed as

DietDietary FatsFatty AcidsNutrition PolicyPublic HealthHumansInternational Health RegulationsMeta-Analysis as TopicSystematic Reviews as TopicDietary FatsFatty Acids

Identifiers

PMID36918997
PMCPMC10012519

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read4
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.