ArticlePloS one2023
Preclinical evaluation of Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) and Insulin Receptor (IR) as a therapeutic targets in triple negative breast cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- IGF-1R inhibitors in cancer: A review of available evidence and future outlook.Critical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2025Review
- Systemic strategies for osteosarcoma: advances and future directions.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- [Expression of NFAT5 and IGF1R in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and analysis of clinical characteristics].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2025Article
- Protein profiling uncovers IGF-1R inhibition potential of 3-(2-furoyl)-indole scaffolds in hepatocellular carcinoma.Future medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Advances of IGF-1R inhibitors in Graves' ophthalmopathy.International ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Decoding the Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 and Its Isoforms in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Updates on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: From Risk Factors to Diagnosis, Biomarkers and Therapy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer, has fewer successful therapeutic therapies than other types of breast cancer. Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) and the Insulin receptor (IR) are associated with poor outcomes in TNBC. Targeting IGF1R has failed clinically. We aimed to test if inhibiting both IR/IGF1R was a rationale therapeutic approach to treat TNBC. We showed that despite IGF1R and IR being expressed in TNBC, their expression is not associated with a negative survival outcome. Furthermore, targeting both IR/IGF1R with inhibitors in multiple TNBC cell lines did not inhibit cell growth. Linsitinib, a small molecule inhibitor of both IGF1R and IR, did not block tumour formation and had no effect on tumour growth in vivo. Cumulatively these data suggest that while IGF1R and IR are expressed in TNBC, they are not good therapeutic targets. A potential reason for the limited anti-cancer impact when IR/IGF1R was targeted may be because multiple signalling pathways are altered in TNBC. Therefore, targeting individual signalling pathways may not be sufficient to inhibit cancer growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.