Evidence mapPaperPMID 36927037Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2023

Childhood Dyslipidemia and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque in Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Juhani S Koskinen, Ville Kytö, Markus Juonala, Jorma S A Viikari, Jaakko Nevalainen, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Tomi P Laitinen, Päivi Tossavainen and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cardiovascular disease burden in children with obesity: A narrative review.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Juhani S KoskinenResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine University of Turku Turku Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-5920-9728
Ville KytöResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine University of Turku Turku Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-4521-1093
Markus JuonalaResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine University of Turku Turku Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-9498-364X
Jorma S A ViikariDivision of Medicine Turku University Hospital Turku Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-6452-010X
Jaakko NevalainenFaculty of Social Sciences Tampere University Tampere Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-6295-0245
Mika KähönenDepartment of Clinical Physiology Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland.
Terho LehtimäkiFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere Tampere University Tampere Finland.
Nina Hutri-KähönenTampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere Finland.
Tomi P LaitinenDepartment of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland.
Päivi TossavainenDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland.
Eero JokinenDepartment of Pediatrics University of Helsinki Finland.
Costan G MagnussenResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine University of Turku Turku Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-6238-5730
Olli T RaitakariResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine University of Turku Turku Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-9365-3702
University of Turku · FITampere University · FIBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute · AUOulu University Hospital · FIUniversity of Eastern Finland · FIUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Childhood exposure to dyslipidemia is associated with adult atherosclerosis, but it is unclear whether the long-term risk associated with dyslipidemia is attenuated on its resolution by adulthood. We aimed to address this question by examining the links between childhood and adult dyslipidemia on carotid atherosclerotic plaques in adulthood. Methods and Results The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is a prospective follow-up of children that began in 1980. Since then, follow-up studies have been conducted regularly. In 2001 and 2007, carotid ultrasounds were performed on 2643 participants at the mean age of 36 years to identify carotid plaques and plaque areas. For childhood lipids, we exploited several risk factor measurements to determine the individual cumulative burden for each lipid during childhood. Participants were categorized into the following 4 groups based on their childhood and adult dyslipidemia status: no dyslipidemia (reference), incident, resolved, and persistent. Among individuals with carotid plaque, linear regression models were used to study the association of serum lipids with plaque area. The prevalence of plaque was 3.3% (N=88). In models adjusted for age, sex, and nonlipid cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk for carotid plaque was 2.34 (95% CI, 0.91-6.00) for incident adult dyslipidemia, 3.00 (95% CI, 1.42-6.34) for dyslipidemia resolved by adulthood, and 5.23 (95% CI, 2.57-10.66) for persistent dyslipidemia. Carotid plaque area correlated with childhood total, low-density lipoprotein, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Conclusions Childhood dyslipidemia, even if resolved by adulthood, is a risk factor for adult carotid plaque. Furthermore, among individuals with carotid plaque, childhood lipids associate with plaque size. These findings highlight the importance of primordial prevention of dyslipidemia in childhood to reduce atherosclerosis development.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisCardiovascular DiseasesCarotid Artery DiseasesPlaque, AtheroscleroticAdultChildCholesterolFinlandHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansProspective StudiesRisk FactorsCholesterolarea under the curveatherosclerosiscarotid artery plaquechild cardiovascular risk factorsdyslipidemia

Identifiers

PMID36927037
PMCPMC10122878
OpenAlexW4327544458

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.