Evidence mapPaperPMID 36928181Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular medicine2023

Free fatty acids induce coronary microvascular dysfunction via inhibition of the AMPK/KLF2/eNOS signaling pathway.

Yanda Zhang, Jian Zhao, Changzhen Ren, Bowen Hu, Ru Ding, Zhiqing He, Chun Liang

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Sex differences in proteomics of cardiovascular disease -International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025
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  8. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yanda Zhang *Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.
Jian Zhao *Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.
Changzhen RenDepartment of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.
Bowen HuDepartment of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.
Ru DingDepartment of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.
Zhiqing HeDepartment of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.
Chun LiangDepartment of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increased levels of serum free fatty acids (FFAs) are closely associated with microvascular dysfunction. In our previous study, a coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) model was successfully established via lipid infusion to increase the levels of serum FFAs in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms remained poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism underlying FFA‑induced CMD. A CMD mouse model was established via lipid combined with heparin infusion for 6 h to increase the concentration of serum FFAs. Following the establishment of the model, the coronary flow reserve (CFR), extent of leukocyte activation and cardiac microvascular structures were assessed in the mice. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were treated with different concentrations of palmitic acid and cell viability was evaluated. Changes in the expression levels of AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), Krüppel‑like factor 2 (KLF2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were identified by immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. Experiments using AMPK activator, KLF2 overexpression plasmid, small interfering RNAs and nicorandil were subsequently designed to investigate the potential involvement of the AMPK/KLF2/eNOS signaling pathway. These experiments revealed that FFAs could induce CMD in mice, which was characterized by reduced CFR (1.89±0.37 vs. 2.74±0.30) and increased leukocyte adhesion (4,350±1,057.5 vs. 11.8±5.4 cells/mm

Indexed as

Endothelial CellsFatty Acids, NonesterifiedMicrocirculationMyocardiumAMP-Activated Protein KinasesAnimalsKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsMiceNicorandilNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIPalmitic AcidsReactive Oxygen SpeciesSignal TransductionTranscription FactorsAMP-Activated Protein KinasesFatty Acids, NonesterifiedKlf2 protein, mouseKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsNicorandilNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIPalmitic AcidsReactive Oxygen SpeciesTranscription FactorsAMP‑activated protein kinasecoronary microvascular dysfunctionendothelial nitric oxide synthasefree fatty acidsKrüppel‑like factor 2nicorandil

Identifiers

PMID36928181
PMCPMC10049036
OpenAlexW4324091367

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.