Evidence mapPaperPMID 36936906Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2023

Effects of anti-inflammatory therapies on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Dandan Li, Jiaxin Zhong, Qirui Zhang, Jingjing Zhang

Open access · goldFull text readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Inflammation and Resolution in Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Inflammation and resolution in obesity.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025 · on this map
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Tryptophan Indole Derivatives: Key Players in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Dandan LiNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Jiaxin ZhongNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Qirui ZhangDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Jingjing ZhangNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Central South University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The overall evidence base of anti-inflammatory therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been systematically evaluated. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of anti-inflammatory therapies on glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched up to 21 September 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with anti-inflammatory therapies targeting the proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptors, and inflammation-associated nuclear transcription factors in the pathogenic processes of diabetes, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1β receptor (IL-1βR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). We synthesized data using mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by Results: We included 16 RCTs comprising 3729 subjects in the meta-analyses. Anti-inflammatory therapies can significantly reduce the level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (MD = - 10.04; 95% CI: -17.69, - 2.40; P = 0.01), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (MD = - 0.37; 95% CI: - 0.51, - 0.23; P < 0.00001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD = - 1.05; 95% CI: - 1.50, - 0.60; P < 0.00001) compared with control, and therapies targeting IL-1β in combination with TNF-α have better effects on T2DM than targeting IL-1β or TNF-α alone. Subgroup analyses suggested that patients with short duration of T2DM may benefit more from anti-inflammatory therapies. Conclusion: Our meta-analyses indicate that anti-inflammatory therapies targeting the pathogenic processes of diabetes can significantly reduce the level of FPG, HbA1c, and CRP in patients with T2DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAnti-Inflammatory AgentsC-Reactive ProteinGlycated HemoglobinGlycemic ControlHumansInterleukin-1betaAnti-Inflammatory AgentsC-Reactive ProteinGlycated HemoglobinInterleukin-1betaTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaantidiabetic druganti-inflammatory therapiesclinical trialmeta-analysestype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID36936906
PMCPMC10014557
OpenAlexW4322745079

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read57
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.