ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Extending the dosing interval of COVID-19 vaccination leads to higher rates of seroconversion in people living with HIV.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05075070 (Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity and effectiveness of COVID-19 booster vaccination among people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Inadequate immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among older people living with HIV: a prospective cohort study.Journal of virology · 2025Trial
- Metabolic impact of switching from EFV/TDF/FTC to two INSTI-Based regimens (B/F/TAF vs. DTG/3TC): a real-world study in virologically suppressed individuals.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Health Consequences of Switching to the Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide and Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine Regimens in Virologically Suppressed People Living with HIV Aged > 40 Years: A Retrospective Real-World Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Associations between genetic mutations in different SARS-CoV-2 strains and negative conversion time of viral RNA among imported cases in Hangzhou: A cross-sectional study.Virus research · 2024Article
- Diagnostic Value of SAA Levels and Perianal Symptoms in the Complicated Perianal Abscesses Among Mpox-Infected Patients.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Risk factors and clinical prediction models for low-level viremia in people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy: an 11-year retrospective study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- A Review of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine Development in China: Focusing on Safety and Efficacy in Special Populations.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is an effective way of protecting individuals from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, immune responses to vaccination vary considerably. This study dynamically assessed the neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to the third dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine administered to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH) with different inoculation intervals. Methods: A total of 171 participants were recruited: 63 PLWH were placed in cohort 1 (with 3-month interval between the second and third doses), while 95 PLWH were placed in cohort 2 (with 5-month interval between the second and third doses); 13 individuals were enrolled as healthy controls (HCs). And risk factors associated with seroconversion failure after vaccination were identified via Cox regression analysis. Results: At 6 months after the third vaccination, PLWH in cohort 2 had higher NAb levels (GMC: 64.59 vs 21.99, P < 0.0001) and seroconversion rate (68.42% vs 19.05%, P < 0.0001). A weaker neutralizing activity against the SARSCoV-2 Delta variant was observed (GMT: 3.38 and 3.63, P < 0.01) relative to the wildtype strain (GMT: 13.68 and 14.83) in both cohorts. None of the participants (including HCs or PLWH) could mount a NAb response against Omicron BA.5.2. In the risk model, independent risk factors for NAb seroconversion failure were the vaccination interval (hazed ration [HR]: 0.316, P < 0.001) and lymphocyte counts (HR: 0.409, P < 0.001). Additionally, PLWH who exhibited NAb seroconversion after vaccination had fewer initial COVID-19 symptoms when infected with Omicron. Discussion: This study demonstrated that the third vaccination elicited better NAb responses in PLWH, when a longer interval was used between vaccinations. Since post-vaccination seroconversion reduced the number of symptoms induced by Omicron, efforts to protect PLWH with risk factors for NAb seroconversion failure may be needed during future Omicron surges. Clinical trial registration: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05075070, identifier NCT05075070.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.