ArticleEuropean heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology2023
Influenza and cardiovascular disease pathophysiology: strings attached.
Article in European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influenza vaccination and major cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials studies.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- High-Dose vs. Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Older Patients With Hypertension: A Post Hoc Analysis of DANFLU-1.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Trial
- Oseltamivir Reduces 30-Day Mortality in Older Adults With Influenza: A Pooled Analysis From the 2012-2019 Serious Outcomes Surveillance Network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Influenza vaccine Hesitancy in older adults in China: A latent profile analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Modeling the Exposome in Murine Cardiovascular Disease.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2026Review
- Influenza vaccination after advanced acute kidney injury: effects on mortality, cardiovascular events, and pneumonia-a target trial emulation.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Routine Troponin I Assessment Enhances Risk Stratification in Hospitalized Patients with Seasonal Influenza.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond recovery: long-term cardiovascular risks after severe COVID-19 requiring intensive care.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Inflammation and Cardiac Dysfunction in Hospitalized Patients With Influenza: The FluHeart Study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Influenza Infection Complicated by Ventricular Fibrillation, Cardiac Arrest, and Torsades De Pointes: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Impact of influenza vaccination on in-hospital outcomes among patients with heart failure and acute respiratory illness.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccination in patients with heart failure: comprehensive review of evidence, challenges, and clinical implications.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Potential Non-Specific Benefits of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination: Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Large-Scale Disease-Wide Association Study Identified Predisposition Links Between Influenza and Cardiovascular Diseases.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- External validation of geriatric influenza death score: a prospective validation study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Review
- Review
- Chronic Diseases and Influenza Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Cardioprotective effects of AMPK activation in H1N1 influenza virus infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Effect of Oseltamivir Use on Follow-Up Stroke Mortality.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Is Influenza Vaccination Our Best 'Shot' at Preventing MACE? Review of Current Evidence, Underlying Mechanisms, and Future Directions.Vaccines · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A link between influenza infection and cardiovascular morbidity has been known for almost a century. This narrative review examined the cardiovascular complications associated with influenza and the potential mechanisms behind this relationship. The most common reported cardiovascular complications are cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and heart failure hospitalization. There are multiple proposed mechanisms driving the increased risk of cardiovascular complications. These mechanics involve influenza-specific effects such as direct cardiac infection and endothelial dysfunction leading to plaque destabilization and rupture, but also hypoxaemia and systemic inflammatory responses including increased metabolic demand, biomechanical stress, and hypercoagulability. The significance of the individual effects is unclear, and thus whether influenza directly or indirectly causes cardiovascular events is unknown. In conclusion, the risk of acute cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is elevated during influenza infection. The proposed underlying pathophysiological mechanisms support this association, but systemic responses to infection may drive this relationship.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.