Evidence mapPaperPMID 36939017Full record

SynthesisClinical endocrinology2023

Combined oral contraceptive pill compared with no medical treatment in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review.

Maria Forslund, Johanna Melin, Simon Alesi, Terhi Piltonen, Daniela Romualdi, Chau Thien Tay, Selma Witchel, Alexia Pena, Aya Mousa, Helena Teede

Open access · hybridAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Management of women with hirsutism in Kosovo.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Maria ForslundDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-6674-3849
Johanna MelinMonash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victori, Australia.
Simon AlesiMonash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victori, Australia.
Terhi PiltonenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Daniela RomualdiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5236-2586
Chau Thien TayMonash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victori, Australia.
Selma WitchelDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Alexia PenaDiscipline of Paedriatics, The University of Adelaide and Robinson Research Institute, North Adelaide, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6834-4876
Aya MousaMonash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victori, Australia.
Helena TeedeMonash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victori, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7609-577X
Monash Health · AUAgostino Gemelli University Polyclinic · ITChildren's Hospital of Pittsburgh · USOulu University Hospital · FIThe University of Adelaide · AUUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAs part of the update of the International Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a systematic review was performed to inform evidence-based recommendations.

designSystematic review. Only randomised controlled trial were included. PATIENTS: Women with PCOS; the use of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP) was compared with no medical treatment. MEASUREMENTS: Outcomes were designed in collaboration with clinical experts, researchers, and consumers. Critical outcomes included hirsutism, irregular cycles, quality of life, body mass index (BMI), and weight.

results1660 publications were identified, but only four studies were included. No studies could be combined for meta-analysis. COCP treatment improved cycle regularity compared with no medical treatment (100% vs. 0%, with low certainty of evidence). COCP showed no difference in improvement of hirsutism or BMI compared with placebo or lifestyle; a lower weight after COCP compared with no treatment (mean difference [MD] -8.0 (95% confidence interval, CI -11.67); -4.33 kg); and improvement in quality of life (MD 1.2 [95% CI 0.96]; 1.44), but these results were all very low certainty of evidence.

conclusionResults show that COCP benefit cycle regulation, but other benefits or potential adverse effects were only identified with very low certainty of evidence. The COCP is frontline medical treatment in PCOS, but this is still based on established efficacy in the broader general population. Our results show that research in PCOS is seriously lacking and should be prioritised to capture core reproductive, metabolic and psychological outcomes important in PCOS.

Indexed as

Polycystic Ovary SyndromeContraceptives, Oral, CombinedFemaleHirsutismHumansQuality of LifeContraceptives, Oral, Combinedcombined oral contraceptive pillshyperandrogenismirregular cyclespolycystic ovary syndrometreatment

Identifiers

PMID36939017
PMCPMC10952804
OpenAlexW4327898727

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.