ArticleSaudi medical journal2023
Phenotypical evaluation of lymphocytes and monocytes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia.
Article in Saudi medical journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Type 2 diabetes is associated with pulmonary cavitation in men with HIV-TB coinfection.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a prognostic model for critically ill type 2 diabetes patients in ICU based on composite inflammatory indicators.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk factor screening and predictive modeling of time-in-range in patients with T2DM undergoing SIIT therapy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the levels of total lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes (CD19+), T-lymphocytes (CD3+), natural killer (NK) cells (CD3-/CD56+), and monocyte subsets in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study aimed to evaluate whether B- and T-lymphocyte subsets are frequently altered in patients with T2DM.
methodsA case-control study included 95 participants recruited in the study: 62 patients with T2DM and 33 healthy individuals. All the patients were admitted to the Diabetic Centre in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected between April and August 2022. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level was evaluated in all patients. Flow cytometry was used to measure the expression of B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte, NK cells, and monocyte markers. The unpaired t-test was carried out to evaluate the differences in these markers between T2DM patients and healthy individuals.
resultsPatients with T2DM were associated with a lower percentage of total lymphocytes, higher percentage of B-lymphocytes, naive, and memory B subsets. In addition, patients with T2DM showed lower percentage of total T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and CD4 T-cells, but higher CD8 T-cell expression. Also, the NK-cell level was reduced in patients with T2DM, and the levels of monocyte subsets were altered.
conclusionThese data suggested that levels of lymphocytes and monocytes are impaired in T2DM patients, and this might be associated with the higher risk of infections observed in these patients.
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