Revisiting the obesity paradox in heart failure: what is the best anthropometric index to gauge obesity?

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

1. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure patients across the range of body mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Internal and emergency medicine · 2024
   Pooled it
2. Dietary strategies and nutritional supplements in the management of heart failure: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
   Pooled it
3. Biomarkers and Endothelial Damage in Obesity: An Insight into the Pharmacological Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
   Review
4. Comprehensive evaluation of triglyceride glucose index-a body shape index (TyG-ABSI) for incident peripheral artery disease: data-driven phenotyping and machine learning-based risk prediction in the UK Biobank.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026
   Article
5. Obesity Definitions and Hospital Stay in Older Adults with Heart Failure: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Prospective Cohort.Cardiac failure review · 2026
   Article
6. Overweight and obesity association with mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced or preserved ejection fraction-a cohort study.PloS one · 2026
   Observational
7. Obesity and heart failure: exploring the cardiometabolic axis.Cardiovascular research · 2025
   Review
8. Cardiovascular disease and beta-cell function at diagnosis of serologically defined adult-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes in two Swedish cohorts 15 years apart.BMJ open · 2025
   Article
9. Biomarkers of aging: from molecules and surrogates to physiology and function.Physiological reviews · 2025
   Review
10. Obesity Report: Distribution and Pattern by Age and Sex in Heart Failure Cohort over 10 Years in Korea.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025
    Article
11. Treatment options for heart failure in individuals with overweight or obesity: a review.Future cardiology · 2025
    Review
12. Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Environmental Factors in Lung Homeostasis and Respiratory Health.Nutrients · 2025
    Review
13. The Impact of Body Mass Index on Morbidity and Mortality in Iraqi Patients With Heart Failure.Cureus · 2024
    Article
14. Association of Body Mass Index with Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF).Nutrients · 2024
    Article
15. ALM/BMI: A Clinically Superior Index for Identifying Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Patients With Heart Failure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024
    Article
16. Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Cardiac Function, Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life.Cardiac failure review · 2024
    Review
17. Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Hypertension: A Bond More Important than We Think.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023
    Review

Corrections and comments

• Comment on
  Anthropometric measures and adverse outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: revisiting the obesity paradox.2023

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

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