ArticleStem cell research & therapy2023
Human cortical spheroids with a high diversity of innately developing brain cell types.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglia-associated progression of multiple sclerosis: target identification and therapeutic engagement in human in vitro models.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Non-Invasive and Long-Term Electrophysiological Monitoring Sensors for Cerebral Organoids Differentiation.Biosensors · 2025Article
- gSELECT: A novel pre-analysis machine-learning library enabling early hypothesis testing and predictive gene selection in single-cell data.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- An Overview of Multiple Sclerosis In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Human cerebral organoids: cellular composition and subcellular morphological features.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Moral considerability of brain organoids from the perspective of computational architecture.Oxford open neuroscience · 2024Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Neuroinflammation: Current In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Efficient generation of human cerebral organoids directly from adherent cultures of pluripotent stem cells.Journal of tissue engineeringArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThree-dimensional (3D) human brain spheroids are instrumental to study central nervous system (CNS) development and (dys)function. Yet, in current brain spheroid models the limited variety of cell types hampers an integrated exploration of CNS (disease) mechanisms.
methodsHere we report a 5-month culture protocol that reproducibly generates H9 embryonic stem cell-derived human cortical spheroids (hCSs) with a large cell-type variety.
resultsWe established the presence of not only neuroectoderm-derived neural progenitor populations, mature excitatory and inhibitory neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte (precursor) cells, but also mesoderm-derived microglia and endothelial cell populations in the hCSs via RNA-sequencing, qPCR, immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Transcriptomic analysis revealed resemblance between the 5-months-old hCSs and dorsal frontal rather than inferior regions of human fetal brains of 19-26 weeks of gestational age. Pro-inflammatory stimulation of the generated hCSs induced a neuroinflammatory response, offering a proof-of-principle of the applicability of the spheroids.
conclusionsOur protocol provides a 3D human brain cell model containing a wide variety of innately developing neuroectoderm- as well as mesoderm-derived cell types, furnishing a versatile platform for comprehensive examination of intercellular CNS communication and neurological disease mechanisms.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.