ArticleCureus2023
Evaluation of Usage of a Fracture Risk Assessment by FRAX Tool in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship Between Overactive Bladder and Bone Fracture Risk in Female Patients.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFragility fractures are increasingly recognized as a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The FRAX-Port® is a calculation tool that assesses the 10-year risk of either major and hip fracture, integrating several clinical risk factors, including T2DM. We aimed to evaluate the fracture risk in adults with T2DM and determine the rate of patients at high risk for fracture under anti-osteoporotic therapy.
methodsWe developed a cross-sectional study, including a convenience sample of adults with T2DM, followed in our tertiary center between 2019 and 2022. Fracture risk was evaluated according to FRAX-Port®.
resultsOne hundred adults were included, 54% male, with a mean age of 68.4±9.2 years. Respecting fracture risk factors, 17% had a previous fragility fracture, 12% had a history of hip fracture in their parents, 9% had active alcohol consumption, and 4% had active smoking. Additionally, 17% presented secondary osteoporosis, being the most frequent cause of systemic corticosteroid exposure (10%). Regarding diabetes-specific risk factors, 94% had a diabetes duration longer than five years; HbA1c greater than 7% in 70%; 42% had diabetic retinopathy, 33% had diabetic chronic kidney disease, 18% had peripheral neuropathy, and 7% had autonomic neuropathy; 83% were on insulin, 2% on canagliflozin and 1% on pioglitazone. According to the FRAX-Port®, the median probability of major fracture was 6.8% (IQR 6.9), and hip fracture was 2.4% (IQR 3.9). Fracture risk was high, intermediate, and low at 41%, 15%, and 44%, respectively. Lastly, 56% of participants should undergo bone densitometry and 45% had a formal recommendation to begin an anti-osteoporotic treatment. However, only 6% were under anti-osteoporotic therapy: bisphosphonates (5%) and denosumab (1%).
conclusionsMore than a third of T2DM patients evaluated had a high fracture risk. We found that FRAX-Port® is an easy-to-apply tool, which helps in the decision to perform densitometry or to institute anti-osteoporotic therapy. Given the increasing prevalence of T2DM and the associated risk of falls, this study highlights the need to recognize the fracture risk in these patients, usually a forgotten complication during the screening of risk factors for adverse events in adults with T2DM.
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