ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2023
Time-dependent effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular benefits: a real-world study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of orforglipron in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: a GRADE-assessed meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis with subgroup evaluations by diabetic status, obesity status, and dose regimens.Acta diabetologica · 2026Pooled it
- Cardiovascular benefits of semaglutide: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025 · on this mapPooled it
- Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and stroke associated with treatment with GLP-1 or the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide for type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European stroke journal · 2024 · on this mapPooled it
- Evidence that tirzepatide protects against diabetes-related cardiac damages.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024 · on this mapPooled it
- Rates of, Reasons for, and Reactions to Discontinuation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Narrative Review.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Structured Exercise During and After Incretin-Based Pharmacotherapy Discontinuation: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms, Evidence, and Prescription Guidance.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Combined use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for cardiovascular protection.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Versus Bariatric Surgery: Effects of Weight Loss and BMI on Subsequent General Surgical Procedures.Clinical obesity · 2026Article
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist discontinuation and risks of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes: target trial emulation.BMJ medicine · 2026Article
- A novel gene therapy platform for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Potential Implications of Body Mass Composition Changes in Heart Failure Patients in the Era of SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, and GIP/GLP-1 RA.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Current Perspectives on GLP-1 Agonists in Contemporary Clinical Practice from Science and Mechanistic Foundations To Optimal Translation.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- The dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist tirzapetide provides an unintended interaction with the β-adrenoceptors and plays a role in glucose metabolism in hyperglycemic or senescent cardiac cells.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk for Depression in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes : A Target Trial Emulation Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of ferroptosis and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist in post-percutaneous coronary intervention restenosis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Article
- Does Incretin Agonism Have Sustainable Efficacy?Cells · 2024Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in cardiovascular diseases: a bibliometric analysis from inception to 2023.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Real-World Use of Oral Semaglutide in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in the PIONEER REAL Netherlands Multicentre, Prospective, Observational Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have shown cardiovascular benefits in cardiovascular outcome trials in type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the most convincing evidence was obtained in subjects with established cardiovascular (CV) disease. We analyzed the determinants of GLP-1 RA-mediated CV protection in a real-world population of persons with type 2 diabetes with and without a history of CV events with long-term follow-up.
methodsRetrospective cohort study of 550 individuals with type 2 diabetes (395 in primary CV prevention, 155 in secondary CV prevention), followed at a single center after the first prescription of a GLP-1 RA between 2009 and 2019. CV and metabolic outcomes were assessed.
resultsMedian duration of follow-up was 5.0 years (0.25-10.8) in primary prevention and 3.6 years (0-10.3) in secondary prevention, with a median duration of treatment of 3.2 years (0-10.8) and 2.5 years (0-10.3) respectively. In the multivariable Cox regression model considering GLP-1 RA treatment as a time-dependent covariate, in the primary prevention group, changes in BMI and glycated hemoglobin did not have an impact on MACE risk, while age at the time of GLP-1 initiation (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.14, p = 0.001) and GLP-1 RA cessation by time (HR 3.40, 95% CI 1.82-6.32, p < 0.001) increased the risk of MACE. Regarding the secondary prevention group, only GLP-1 RA cessation by time (HR 2.71, 95% CI 1.46-5.01, p = 0.002) increased the risk of MACE. With respect to those who withdrew treatment, subjects who continued the GLP-1 RA had significantly greater weight loss and lower glycated hemoglobin levels during follow-up.
conclusionsIn this real-world type 2 diabetes population, discontinuation of GLP-1 RA treatment was associated to a higher risk of major cardiovascular events, in both subjects with and without a history of CV events.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.