ReviewSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2023
Sleep apnea pathophysiology.
Review in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circuit Mechanisms Underlying the Contribution of Leptin Receptor-Expressing Neurons in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius to Ventilatory Homeostasis.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Serum Perilipin-2 as a Novel Biomarker for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Association with Hypoxic Burden and Disease Severity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sleep-dependent alterations in anterior cingulate cortex excitation-inhibition balance link alterations in BOLD-CSF coupling to cognitive performance in obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) is associated with an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea: a population-based study.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Integrative treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: principles and practice.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
- Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Dentistry and Sleep Medicine: A Narrative Review of Sleep Apnea and Oral Health.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Sleep Disorders and Stroke: Pathophysiological Links, Clinical Implications, and Management Strategies.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Astrocyte-induced firing in primary afferent axons.iScience · 2025Article
- Obstructive sleep apnoea as a neuromuscular respiratory disease arising from an excess of central GABAergic neurotransmitters: a new disease model.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe purpose of this study is to examine the pathophysiology underlying sleep apnea (SA).
backgroundWe consider several critical features of SA including the roles played by the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) that controls vegetative functions and electroencephalographic findings associated with both SA and normal sleep. We evaluate this knowledge together with our current understanding of the anatomy, histology, and physiology of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) and mechanisms that contribute directly to normal and disordered sleep. MTN neurons express γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors which activate them (make chlorine come out of the cells) and that can be activated by GABA released from the hypothalamic preoptic area.
methodWe reviewed the published literature focused on sleep apnea (SA) reported in Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases.
resultsThe MTN neurons respond to the hypothalamic GABA release by releasing glutamate that activates neurons in the ARAS. Based on these findings, we conclude that a dysfunctional MTN may be incapable of activating neurons in the ARAS, notably those in the parabrachial nucleus, and that this will ultimately lead to SA. Despite its name, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not caused by an airway obstruction that prevents breathing.
conclusionsWhile obstruction may contribute to the overall pathology, the primary factor involved in this scenario is the lack of neurotransmitters.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.