ReviewBiomedicines2023
Current Development of Chemical Penetration Enhancers for Transdermal Insulin Delivery.
Review in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Topical insulin as a novel treatment for persistent epithelial defects and other ocular surface disorders: a systematic review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Pooled it
- In Vivo Indirect Insulin Dose Evaluation of Noninvasive Ultrasound-Mediated Transdermal Delivery Compared to Subcutaneous Injection.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Insulin Administration and Technological Advances in Diabetes Mellitus: Review.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Enhancing transdermal delivery of retinyl acetate via transethosomes with emphasis on the impact of edge activators on penetration, safety, and efficacy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Enhanced transdermal delivery of pioglitazone hydrochloride via conductive hydrogel microneedles combined with iontophoresis.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Article
- A Novel Natural Penetration Enhancer for Transdermal Drug Delivery: In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation and Penetration Enhancement Mechanism.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Transdermal Insulin Delivery Using Ionic Liquid-Mediated Nanovesicles for Diabetes Treatment.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Microneedles as a Promising Technology for Disease Monitoring and Drug Delivery: A Review.ACS materials Au · 2025Review
- Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Different Generations and Dermatokinetic Assessment of Drug Concentration in Skin.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2024Review
- Effectiveness, safety, and preference of transdermal insulin compared to subcutaneous insulin in the treatment of diabetes patients: a systematic review of clinical trials.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- In-depth Mechanism, Challenges, and Opportunities of Delivering Therapeutics in Brain Using Intranasal Route.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Review
- Chiral Supramolecular Hydrogel Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Sodium Aescinate to Modulate M1 Macrophage Polarization Against Lymphedema.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- From Plants to Wound Dressing and Transdermal Delivery of Bioactive Compounds.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review on transdermal patches: optimization in drug administration.Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The use of the transdermal delivery system has recently gained ample recognition due to the ability to deliver drug molecules across the skin membrane, serving as an alternative to conventional oral or injectable routes. Subcutaneous insulin injection is the mainstay treatment for diabetes mellitus which often leads to non-compliance among patients, especially in younger patients. Apart from its invasiveness, the long-term consequences of insulin injection cause the development of physical trauma, which includes lipohypertrophy at the site of administration, scarring, infection, and sometimes nerve damage. Hence, there is a quest for a better alternative to drug delivery that is non-invasive and easily adaptable. One of the potential solutions is the transdermal delivery method. However, the stratum corneum (the top layer of skin) is the greatest barrier in transporting large molecules like insulin. Therefore, various chemical enhancers have been proposed to promote stratum corneum permeability, or they are designed to increase the permeability of the full epidermis, such as the use of ionic liquid, peptides, chemical pre-treatment as well as packaging insulin with carriers or nanoparticles. In this review, the recent progress in the development of chemical enhancers for transdermal insulin delivery is discussed along with the possible mechanistic of action and the potential outlook on the proposed permeation approaches in comparison to other therapeutical drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.