ReviewBiomedicines2023
Glucose Homeostasis, Diabetes Mellitus, and Gender-Affirming Treatment.
Review in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endocrine issues in critically ill transgender patients: A narrative review.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Review
- What is the Best Approach to Removing the Social Stigma from the Diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria?Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2025Article
- Effects of puberty suppression on bone, body composition, handgrip strength and glucolipid profile in early-pubertal transgender adolescents.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Factors influencing overdose and misuse of gender-affirming medication in Chinese transgender and gender diverse individuals: A qualitative study of experience and perspectives.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Transgender healthcare: metabolic outcomes and cardiovascular risk.Diabetologia · 2024Review
- Effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on body fat: a retrospective case‒control study in Chinese transwomen.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Impact of probiotics on weight loss, glucose and lipid metabolism in overweight or obese women: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Current research in food science · 2024Article
- Effects of hyperthyroidism and diabetes mellitus on spermatogenesis in peri- and post-pubertal mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The transgender (trans) population includes individuals with gender identities more fittingly aligned with the opposite sex or with an alternative that transcends the classical dipole of male/female. Hormonal treatment in transgender individuals aims to suppress the secretion of endogenous sex steroids and replace them with the steroids of the desired gender. The mainstay of gender-affirming treatment in transgender males is testosterone, whereas for transgender females it is estrogen, usually combined with an anti-androgen or a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist if testes are present. Testosterone and estrogen are involved in carbohydrate metabolism via direct effects on skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and immune cells and indirectly through changes in body fat mass and distribution. The effect of transgender treatment on glucose tolerance is not clear. The provided conflicting results demonstrate a positive, neutral, or even negative association between exogenous testosterone and insulin sensitivity in trans men. Studies show that feminizing hormonal therapy of trans women has mainly an aggravating effect on insulin sensitivity. The existing evidence is not robust and further research is needed to investigate the relationships between body fat distributions, muscle mass, and glycemia/insulin resistance in transgender people under hormonal therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.