ReviewCancers2023
Tumour Heterogeneity and the Consequent Practical Challenges in the Management of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
Review in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vivo Versus In Vitro Somatostatin Receptor Expression in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Correlation Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- ESR Essentials: role of PET/CT in neuroendocrine tumors-practice recommendations by the European Society for Hybrid, Molecular and Translational Imaging.European radiology · 2025Guideline
- Epigenetic Dysregulation of Somatostatin Receptors (SSTR) 1-5 and Therapeutic Implications in Neuroendocrine and Non-Neuroendocrine Malignancies.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Review
- Metachronous Primary Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor and Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy alone or in combination with temozolomide plus/minus capecitabine in [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Combination therapy strategies in engineeredCell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Interpretable machine learning prognostication of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors across Chinese and United States cohorts.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Precision Pediatric Cancer Nanomedicine: Advancing Personalized Nano Therapies to Reduce Non-Communicable Diseases Through AI-Driven 3D-Printed Drugs.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- From diagnosis to treatment: navigating the course for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Germline Mutations in DNA Repair Genes in Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Rare Orbital Metastasis of Carcinoid Tumor Despite Long-Term Somatostatin Therapy: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- The impact of re-characterizing metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A prospective study.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- The Evolving Landscape of GEP-NENs in the Era of Precision Oncology: Molecular Insights into Tumor Heterogeneity.Cancers · 2025Review
- Factors associated with grade progression in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.Endocrine-related cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Non-functional, non-mutated multifocal neuroendocrine neoplasms in a postpartum female: a Case Report of an infrequent disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Are Neuroendocrine Neoplasms No Longer a Rare Cancer?Neuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity on [EJNMMI reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity is a common phenomenon in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and a significant cause of treatment failure and disease progression. Genetic and epigenetic instability, along with proliferation of cancer stem cells and alterations in the tumour microenvironment, manifest as intra-tumoural variability in tumour biology in primary tumours and metastases. This may change over time, especially under selective pressure during treatment. The gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract is the most common site for NENs, and their diagnosis and treatment depends on the specific characteristics of the disease, in particular proliferation activity, expression of somatostatin receptors and grading. Somatostatin receptor expression has a major role in the diagnosis and treatment of GEP-NENs, while Ki-67 is also a valuable prognostic marker. Intra- and inter-tumour heterogeneity in GEP-NENS, however, may lead to inaccurate assessment of the disease and affect the reliability of the available diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tests. In this review, we summarise the current available evidence of the impact of tumour heterogeneity on tumour diagnosis and treatment of GEP-NENs. Understanding and accurately measuring tumour heterogeneity could better inform clinical decision making in NENs.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.