Evidence mapPaperPMID 36986246Full record

ReviewNutrients2023

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Supplements-A Narrative Review.

Stefan Zivkovic, Gorica Maric, Natasa Cvetinovic, Danijela Lepojevic-Stefanovic, Bojana Bozic Cvijan

Open access · goldFull text readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
20.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Protective role of aqueousFrontiers in endocrinology · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Sjogren's Disease and Elevated Cardiovascular Risk: Mechanisms and Treatment.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Stefan ZivkovicDepartment of Cardiovascular Disease, Zvezdara University Medical Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-3952-4560
Gorica MaricFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0003-2739-142X
Natasa CvetinovicDepartment of Cardiovascular Disease, University Medical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0001-7701-816X
Danijela Lepojevic-StefanovicDepartment of Cardiovascular Disease, Zvezdara University Medical Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Bojana Bozic CvijanDepartment of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0009-0009-4935-7469
Kliničko Bolnički Centar Zvezdara · RSUniversity of Belgrade · RSUniversity Hospital Center Dr Dragiša Mišović · RS

Funding

Wellcome Trust 200110
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Since the establishment of the "lipid hypothesis", according to which, cholesterol level is directly correlated to the risk of CVD, many different lipid-lowering agents have been introduced in clinical practice. A majority of these drugs, in addition to their lipid-lowering properties, may also exhibit some anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. This hypothesis was based on the observation that a decrease in lipid levels occurs along with a decrease in inflammation. Insufficient reduction in the inflammation during treatment with lipid-lowering drugs could be one of the explanations for treatment failure and recurrent CVD events. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of currently available lipid-lowering medications including statins, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants (BAS), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, and niacin, as well as dietary supplements and novel drugs used in modern times.

Indexed as

Anticholesteremic AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCholesterol, LDLDietary SupplementsHumansHypolipidemic AgentsInflammationProprotein Convertase 9Anticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, LDLHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypolipidemic AgentsPCSK9 protein, humanProprotein Convertase 9atherosclerosiscardiovascular riskC-reactive proteinhigh-sensitivity C-reactive proteinimmunomodulationinflammation

Identifiers

PMID36986246
PMCPMC10053759
OpenAlexW4328100139

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.