ReviewJournal of Alzheimer's disease reports2023
The Pathological Effects of Circulating Hydrophobic Bile Acids in Alzheimer's Disease.
Review in Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of circulating bile acids and dementia: a systematic review.GeroScience · 2026Pooled it
- The microbiota-proteostasis axis: implications in neurodegenerative diseases.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis and bile acids-driven neuromodulation.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Bile acids in Alzheimer's disease: a double-edged sword in gut-liver-brain signaling and neurodegeneration.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Peroxisomes in Liver Diseases: From Metabolite Quality Control to Inter-Organelle and Inter-Organ Signaling.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Chicoric acid enhanced brain cholesterol efflux and reduced Aβ pathology via LXR-ABCA1 signaling in Alzheimer's models.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Bile acids are associated with baseline and longitudinal amyloid and tau pathology in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Bile acid signaling, metabolism, and aging.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Rethinking on bile acid-brain axis: decoding neurotoxic and neuroprotective landscape in aging and Alzheimer's disease.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- The potential connection between inflammatory bowel disease and Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Lipid metabolic regulation of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Classifying the risk of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease using serum bile acid profiles and machine learning.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations of gene expression with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology and ante-mortem cognitive performance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Novel Insights into the Human Gut Microbially Conjugated Bile Acids: The New Diversity of the Amino Acid-Conjugated Derivatives.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Article
- Bile Acid Profile Differs Between Brain Regions in Rodents and Is Disrupted in a Rodent Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Comprehensive physiology · 2025Article
- Molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease onset in a mouse model: effects of cannabidiol treatment.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Systemic determinants of brain health in ageing.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- AutoDock and molecular dynamics-based therapeutic potential prediction of flavonoids for primary Sjögren's syndrome.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Bayesian functional analysis for untargeted metabolomics data with matching uncertainty and small sample sizes.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Bile acid profile associated with CSF and PET biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent clinical studies have revealed that the serum levels of toxic hydrophobic bile acids (deoxy cholic acid, lithocholic acid [LCA], and glycoursodeoxycholic acid) are significantly higher in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) when compared to control subjects. The elevated serum bile acids may be the result of hepatic peroxisomal dysfunction. Circulating hydrophobic bile acids are able to disrupt the blood-brain barrier and promote the formation of amyloid-β plaques through enhancing the oxidation of docosahexaenoic acid. Hydrophobic bile acid may find their ways into the neurons via the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. It has been shown that hydrophobic bile acids impose their pathological effects by activating farnesoid X receptor and suppressing bile acid synthesis in the brain, blocking NMDA receptors, lowering brain oxysterol levels, and interfering with 17β-estradiol actions such as LCA by binding to E2 receptors (molecular modelling data exclusive to this paper). Hydrophobic bile acids may interfere with the sonic hedgehog signaling through alteration of cell membrane rafts and reducing brain 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol. This article will 1) analyze the pathological roles of circulating hydrophobic bile acids in the brain, 2) propose therapeutic approaches, and 3) conclude that consideration be given to reducing/monitoring toxic bile acid levels in patients with AD or aMCI, prior/in combination with other treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.