ReviewIndian journal of ophthalmology2023
Hormones and dry eye disease.
Review in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential role of the ocular surface microbiome in dry eye: microbial interactions and symptom alleviation.mSystems · 2026Trial
- Comparative efficacy of Shatavari Ghrita eye drops with Shatavari Ksheerapaka versus Triphala Ghrita eye drops with Shatavari Ksheerapaka in postmenopausal ocular surface disease: a randomized, single-blind trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Immune inflammatory targets and anti-inflammatory therapy in dry eye disease.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Zhangyanming Tablets for Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Study.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Article
- Canine Tear Proteomics: A New Frontier in Veterinary Ophthalmology.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy on dry eye.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2026Article
- Decoding dry eye disease based on bioinformatics and in vitro experimental: the role of immune responses and natural product intervention.Human genomics · 2026Article
- The prevalence and association between electronic cigarette use and dry eye symptom severity among Palestinian university students: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Current and Developing Therapeutics for Dry Eye Disease: Targeting Ion Channels.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- The Impact of Aging and Sex on Corneal Nerve Density and Function.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Molecular landscape connecting complications of dry eye disease: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and future innovations.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Non-Invasive Break-Up Time in the Beijing Adult Dry Eye Cohort Study (ADEC): A Cross-Sectional Baseline Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Ambient air pollutants and outpatient visits for conjunctivitis in Hefei, China: a time-series study of hospital-based data during 2014-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Immuno-inflammatory axis of menopausal dry eye: from hormonal fluctuations to ocular surface dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Ultrasonic Atomization Combined with Artificial Tears for Dry Eye Disease in Chinese Populations: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- A Network Meta-Analysis Comparing the Efficacy Differences of Different Acupuncture and Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- The Impact of Etomidate on Tear Secretion and Oxidative Stress Markers in Domestic Male Cats: A Clinical Study.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- Article
- Computer vision syndrome: a comprehensive literature review.Future science OA · 2025Review
- Association between air pollution and dry eye: insights from network toxicology and molecular docking analysis.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The endocrine system influences all tissues and cells in the human body. The ocular surface is constantly exposed to circulating hormones and expresses their specific receptors. Dry eye disease (DED) is a disorder with multifactorial etiology, and endocrine anomalies are one of the inciting factors. The endocrine anomalies that cause DED include physiological conditions such as menopause, menstrual cycle variations, pathologies such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, androgen resistance, iatrogenic conditions such as contraceptive use, and antiandrogen treatment. This review highlights the status of these hormones in DED along with the mechanism of action of different hormones on the ocular surface structures and the clinical implications of these effects. The influence of androgens, estrogens, and progesterone on the ocular surface tissues, and the implications of androgen-deficient states in DED are also discussed. The physiological and pathological effects of menopause and sex hormone replacement therapy are discussed. The effects of insulin and insulin resistance on the ocular surface and DED, and the growing potential of topical insulin therapeutics for DED are mentioned. Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, its impact on the ocular surface, and the tissue effects of thyroid hormone in the context of DED are reviewed. Finally, the potential role of hormonal therapeutics in the management of DED has also been discussed. The compelling evidence suggests that it would be clinically beneficial to consider the possibility of hormonal imbalances and their impact while treating patients with DED.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.