Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37039695›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2023

Delia Onorini, Cory Ann Leonard, Regenia Phillips Campbell, Barbara Prähauser, Theresa Pesch, Robert V Schoborg, Ann E Jerse, Bernadetta Tarigan, Nicole Borel

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Repurposing epetraborole to combatAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Influence of cervicovaginal microbiota onMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2025
    Review
  5. Infection and immunity · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Delia Onorini *Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8783-837X
Cory Ann Leonard *Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-0711-5006
Regenia Phillips CampbellDepartment of Medical Education, Center for Infectious Disease, Inflammation and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
Barbara PrähauserInstitute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Theresa PeschInstitute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Robert V SchoborgDepartment of Medical Education, Center for Infectious Disease, Inflammation and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
Ann E JerseDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Bernadetta TariganDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nicole BorelInstitute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1556-9262
University of Zurich · CHEast Tennessee State University · USUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the most frequently reported agents of bacterial sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Nonetheless, C. trachomatis/N. gonorrhoeae coinfection remains understudied. C. trachomatis/N. gonorrhoeae coinfections are more common than expected by chance, suggesting C. trachomatis/N. gonorrhoeae interaction, and N. gonorrhoeae infection may reactivate genital chlamydial shedding in women with latent (quiescent) chlamydial infection. We hypothesized that N. gonorrhoeae would reactivate latent genital Chlamydia muridarum infection in mice. Two groups of C. muridarum-infected mice were allowed to transition into genital latency. One group was then vaginally inoculated with N. gonorrhoeae; a third group received N. gonorrhoeae alone. C. muridarum and N. gonorrhoeae vaginal shedding was measured over time in the coinfected and singly infected groups. Viable C. muridarum was absent from vaginal swabs but detected in rectal swabs, confirming C. muridarum genital latency and consistent with the intestinal tract as a C. muridarum reservoir. C. muridarum inclusions were observed in large intestinal, but not genital, tissues during latency. Oviduct dilation was associated with C. muridarum infection, as expected. Contradicting our hypothesis, N. gonorrhoeae coinfection did not reactivate latent C. muridarum vaginal shedding. In addition, latent C. muridarum infection did not modulate recovery of vaginal viable N. gonorrhoeae. Evidence for N. gonorrhoeae-dependent increased C. muridarum infectivity has thus not been demonstrated in murine coinfection, and the ability of C. muridarum coinfection to potentiate N. gonorrhoeae infectivity may depend on actively replicating vaginal C. muridarum. The proportion of mice with increased vaginal neutrophils (PMNs) was higher in N. gonorrhoeae-infected than in C. muridarum-infected mice, as expected, while that of C. muridarum/N. gonorrhoeae-coinfected mice was intermediate to the singly infected groups, suggesting latent C. muridarum murine infection may limit PMN response to subsequent N. gonorrhoeae infection.

Indexed as

Chlamydia InfectionsChlamydia muridarumCoinfectionGonorrheaAnimalsBacterial SheddingFemaleHumansMiceNeisseria gonorrhoeaeChlamydiacoinfectionmouse modelNeisseria gonorrhoeae

Identifiers

PMID37039695
PMCPMC10269798
OpenAlexW4364354500

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.