SynthesisJournal of diabetes2023
Higher glucose fluctuation is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease: Insights from pooled results among patients with diabetes.
Synthesis in Journal of diabetes, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- HbA1c variability and risk of incident heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Glycemic variability of glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: a latest systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Higher glucose fluctuation is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease: Insights from pooled results among patients with diabetes.Journal of diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- Serum 1,5-Anhydroglucitol Identifies Residual Mortality Risk Beyond Time in Range in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study.Journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- Association of longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms and handgrip strength with cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly populations.BMC public health · 2026Article
- High glucose fluctuation levels modulate monocyte cytokine expression via oxidative stress mechanism.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prospective associations of triglyceride-glucose related indices with cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with metabolic syndrome: evidence from the UK biobank.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal correlation between cumulative remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and incident diabetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- From guidelines to practice: an Egyptian expert opinion on type 2 diabetes mellitus management in primary care settings.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Impaired central thyroid hormone sensitivity is associated with time in range in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the euthyroid population.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Assessing the impact of insulin resistance trajectories on cardiovascular disease risk using longitudinal targeted maximum likelihood estimation.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Higher Clinical Frailty Scale is Associated with Higher Visit-to-Visit Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
- Trajectories of triglyceride-glucose index changes and their association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a competing risk analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
- Glucose fluctuations aggravate myocardial fibrosis via activating the CaMKII/Stat3 signaling in type 2 diabtetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Article
- Serum Cytokines and Growth Factors in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes: Associations with Time in Ranges and Glucose Variability.Biomedicines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe relationship between glucose fluctuation and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes remains elusive. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) variability is a key parameter of glucose fluctuation.
methodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched up to 1 July 2022. Studies reporting associations of HbA1c variability (HbA1c-SD), coefficient of variation of HbA1c (HbA1c-CV), and HbA1c variability score [HVS] with the risk of CVD among patients with diabetes were included. We used three different insights (a high-low value meta-analysis, a study-specific meta-analysis, and a non-linear dose-response meta-analysis) to explore the relationship between HbA1c variability and CVD risk. A subgroup analysis was also performed to screen the potential confounding factors.
resultsA total of 14 studies with 254 017 patients with diabetes were eligible. The highest HbA1c variability was significantly associated with increased risks of CVD (HbA1c-SD, risk ratio [RR] 1.45; HbA1c-CV, RR 1.74; HVS, RR 2.46; all p < .001) compared to the lowest HbA1c variability. The RRs of CVD for per HbA1c variability were significantly >1 (all p < .001). The subgroup analysis for per HbA1c-SD found a significant exposure-covariate interaction in the types of diabetes (p = .003 for interaction). The dose-response analysis showed a positive association between HbA1c-CV and CVD risk (P for nonlinearity <.001).
conclusionsOur study suggests that the higher glucose fluctuation is significantly associated with the higher CVD risk in diabetes patients based on HbA1c variability. The CVD risk associated with per HbA1c-SD might be higher among patients type 1 diabetes than patients with type 2 diabetes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.