ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2023
Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the Role of Postbiotics in the Modulation of Human Oral Microbiota: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Trial
- Characterization of the Oral Microbiome and Anticipated Functional Profiles of Companion Animals in Private and Cohabiting Environments: A Pilot Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Effect of Caerin 1.9 Antimicrobial Peptide Gel on Early Bacterial Infections in Oral Titanium Implants: An Animal Study.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Odontogenic Abscesses in Pet Rabbits: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment Advances.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Pathogenesis, Surgical Treatment and Postoperative Outcome of Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) With Intraabdominal Abscess: 12 Cases (2017-2023).Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- First Molecular Characterization ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Use of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) for the control of gingival inflammation in a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with progressive syndrome of acquired dental disease (PSADD): case report.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Culturomics Profiling of Nasal Cavities of European Wild Rabbits on the Iberian Peninsula: Antimicrobial Resistance and Detection of Microorganisms of Public Health Interest.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Insights into periodontal disease: comparative analysis of animal models.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Review
- Caerin 1.9-Titanium Plates Aid Implant Healing and Inhibit Bacterial Growth in New Zealand Rabbit Mandibles.International dental journal · 2024Article
- Cytological evaluation, culture and genomics to evaluate the microbiome in healthy rabbit external ear canals.Veterinary dermatology · 2024Article
- Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRabbits often suffer from dental disease, including dental abscesses and periodontal/apical infections. With odontogenic infection and abscessation, a bacterial aetiology can be proven by bacterial culture and identification. Although studies exist on the bacterial flora of dental abscesses, the information available to date on the bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy rabbits is limited.
objectivesThis study aims to evaluate the cultivable bacterial flora in the oral cavity of healthy, young, pet rabbits and to compare this flora with the pathologic flora of odontogenic abscesses described in the literature.
methodsSamples were collected from the oral cavity of 33 healthy, young pet rabbits undergoing routine procedures. Oral cavity culture specimens were collected by rolling a sterile flocked paediatric swab in the mouth. Identification was first attempted by morphological assessment, Gram staining and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Colonies that could not be identified by mass spectrometry were identified by amplification and molecular sequencing of a part of the 16s rRNA gene.
resultsBacteria were recovered from 100% of oral swabs; 220 isolates of 35 different genera of bacteria were cultured. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Streptococcus sp. (19.8%), Rothia sp. (17.9%), Enterobacter sp. (7%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.6%) and Actinomyces sp. (5.7%). Four phyla are represented: Proteobacteria (38.3%), Firmicutes (30.5%), Actinobacteria (26.9%) and Bacteroidota (4.3%).
conclusionsA wide range of commensal bacteria are present in the mouths of rabbits. Bacterial cultures taken from cases of dental abscesses often reveal bacteria. Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Actinomyces sp. are frequently found in cultures from dental abscesses, in contrast to Rothia and Enterobacter species. Our findings enhance the knowledge of rabbit microbial communities throughout oral cavity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.