ArticleClinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2023
Substance use and medical outcomes in those age 50 and older involving cocaine and metamfetamine reported to United States poison centers.
Article in Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and functional studies of acute methamphetamine-induced cognitive impairment.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Global and regional burden of four drug use disorders in the elderly, 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Use, Effects, and Diagnostic Challenges of Cocaine Use in "Baby Boomers" and Older Adults.Journal of Brown hospital medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextCocaine and metamfetamine use and overdose deaths among United States adults have been increasing in recent years. We examined associations of medical outcomes with co-used opioids and other substances among cocaine, and metamfetamine exposures in people age ≥50 years (
methodsWe first described increases in these exposures over time. We fitted generalized linear models for a Poisson distribution with a log link, one for cocaine exposures and the other for metamfetamine exposures, to examine associations of medical outcomes (major effects/death versus all others) with co-used other substances, controlling for exposure year and demographics.
resultsThe number of exposures increased steadily during the seven years, but metamfetamine exposures increased more rapidly starting in 2018. One-fifth of cocaine and one-sixth of metamfetamine exposures suffered major effects/death. Co-use of prescription opioids (incident risk ratio = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.76-2.28 for cocaine; incident risk ratio = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.27-2.07 for metamfetamine), illicit fentanyl (incident risk ratio =1.88, 95% CI = 1.08-3.27 for cocaine; incident risk ratio = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.04-4.06 for metamfetamine), heroin (incident risk ratio =1.62, 95% CI = 1.37-1.90 for cocaine), or amfetamine (incident risk ratio =1.73, 95% CI = 1.28-2.33 for cocaine) was associated with a higher likelihood of major effects/death. DISCUSSION: Increases in the number of cocaine and metamfetamine exposures among older adults reported to poison centers are of concern, and so is the increased risk of major effects/death from polysubstance use, especially prescription and illicit opioids, among these illicit psychostimulant users.
conclusionsHealthcare provider screening of individuals at risk of cocaine and/or metamfetamine use and psychoeducation about the dangers of these substance use are needed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.