ArticleJCI insight2023
The distinct metabolism between large and small HDL indicates unique origins of human apolipoprotein A4.
Article in JCI insight, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Hitchhiker Story? Exploring HDL as an Overlooked Vitamin D Carrier.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Effects of fasting on HDL particle function and size distribution.Journal of lipid research · 2025Review
- Activating transcription factor 3 regulates hepatic apolipoprotein A4 upon metabolic stress.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- High-fat diet alters retinal lipid composition and gene expression networks in mice.BMC biology · 2025Article
- HDL from 36-h fasted participants potently promotes efflux of cholesteryl ester from activated microglia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Elevated lipopolysaccharide binding protein in Alzheimer's disease patients withFrontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Understanding HDL Metabolism and Biology Through In Vivo Tracer Kinetics.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction: the Promise of High-Density Lipoproteins.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A4's (APOA4's) functions on HDL in humans are not well understood. A unique feature of APOA4 is that it is an intestinal apolipoprotein secreted on HDL and chylomicrons. The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of the origin and function of APOA4 on HDL by studying its metabolism across 6 HDL sizes. Twelve participants completed a metabolic tracer study. HDL was isolated by APOA1 immunopurification and separated by size. Tracer enrichments for APOA4 and APOA1 were determined by targeted mass spectrometry, and metabolic rates were derived by compartmental modeling. APOA4 metabolism on small HDL (alpha3, prebeta, and very small prebeta) was distinct from that of APOA4 on large HDL (alpha0, 1, 2). APOA4 on small HDL appeared in circulation by 30 minutes and was relatively rapidly catabolized. In contrast, APOA4 on large HDL appeared in circulation later (1-2 hours) and had a much slower catabolism. The unique metabolic profiles of APOA4 on small and large HDL likely indicate that each has a distinct origin and function in humans. This evidence supports the notion that APOA4 on small HDL originates directly from the small intestine while APOA4 on large HDL originates from chylomicron transfer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.