Evidence mapPaperPMID 37101129Full record

ArticleBMC neurology2023

Ischaemic stroke with multi-focal venous and arterial thrombosis due to hyperhomocysteinemia: anabolic androgenic steroid use and MTHFR c.667 C > T variant - a case report.

Jpk Chen, A Rees, C H Coughlan, W Goodison, E Murphy, A Chandratheva

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jpk ChenNational Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK. jian.chen2@nhs.net.
A ReesNational Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
C H CoughlanUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
W GoodisonNational Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
E MurphyUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
A ChandrathevaUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery · GBUniversity College London · GBUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeverely elevated serum homocysteine is a rare cause of ischaemic stroke and extra-cranial arterial and venous thrombosis. Several factors can lead to mild elevation of homocysteine including dietary folate and B12 deficiency, and genetic variants of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme. The use of Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) is under-reported, but increasingly linked to ischaemic stroke and can raise homocysteine levels. CASE REPORT: We present a case of a man in his 40s with a large left middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory ischaemic stroke and combined multifocal, extracranial venous, and arterial thrombosis. His past medical history was significant for Crohn's disease and covert use of AAS. A young stroke screen was negative except for a severely elevated total homocysteine concentration, folate and B12 deficiencies. Further tests revealed he was homozygous for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme thermolabile variant (MTHFR c.667 C > T). The etiology of this stroke was a hypercoagulable state induced by raised plasma homocysteine. Raised homocysteine in this case was likely multifactorial and related to chronic AAS use in combination with the homozygous MTHFR c.677 C > T thermolabile variant, folate deficiency and, vitamin B12 deficiency.

conclusionIn summary, hyperhomocysteinemia is an important potential cause of ischaemic stroke and may result from genetic, dietary, and social factors. Anabolic androgenic steroid use is an important risk factor for clinicians to consider, particularly in cases of young stroke with elevated serum homocysteine. Testing for MFTHR variants in stroke patients with raised homocysteine may be useful to guide secondary stroke prevention through adequate vitamin supplementation. Further studies looking into primary and secondary stroke prevention in the high-risk MTHFR variant cohort are necessary.

Indexed as

Brain IschemiaHyperhomocysteinemiaIschemic StrokeStrokeThrombosisAnabolic Androgenic SteroidsFolic AcidGenotypeHomocysteineHumansMaleMethylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)Risk FactorsVitamin B 12Anabolic Androgenic SteroidsFolic AcidHomocysteineMethylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)MTHFR protein, humanVitamin B 12Anabolic androgenic steroidsCase reportHyperhomocysteineaemiaIschaemic strokeVenous thrombosis

Identifiers

PMID37101129
PMCPMC10131300
OpenAlexW4367054351

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.