Trial reportJournal of diabetes and its complications2023
Indices of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in prediabetes and association with diabetes development in the vitamin D and type 2 diabetes study.
Trial report in Journal of diabetes and its complications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Risk Marker for Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Metabolic characteristics and factors associated with prediabetes in Chinese adults based on real-world health examination data: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and Diabetes: Exploring the Link, Prevention, and Management.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Association between vitamin D and metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of MASLD in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Belgium and The Netherlands.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- An Exploration of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) Scores with Dysglycemia and Diabetic Retinopathy: The Beichen Eye Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Health and Liver Diagnostic Markers Influencing Glycemia in Subjects with Prediabetes: Preview Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- AST and ALT APRI Scores and Dysglycemia in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Population Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Thyroid nodule malignancy is associated with increased non-invasive hepatic fibrosis scores in metabolic subjects.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common comorbidity that leads to poor outcomes in people at high risk for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Vitamin D is a possible mediator. In the vitamin D and type 2 diabetes study (D2d), we investigated the relationship of baseline indices of NAFLD with incident T2D and whether the effect of vitamin D on diabetes was modified by NAFLD.
methodsCross-sectional associations of indices of NAFLD with glycemia and vitamin D status were assessed in 3972 individuals screened for the D2d study. In those with prediabetes randomized to vitamin D or placebo (n = 2423), we examined longitudinal associations of NAFLD indices with incident T2D. We used validated non-invasive scores to assess steatosis [(hepatic steatosis index (HSI); NAFLD-liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS)] and advanced fibrosis [fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index; AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI)].
resultsEighty-five percent of screened participants had likely steatosis by HSI and 71 % by NAFLD-LFS; 3 % were likely to have advanced fibrosis by FIB-4 and 1.2 % by APRI. FIB-4 indicated that 20.4 % of individuals require further follow up to assess liver health. Steatosis and fibrosis scores were higher among participants with worse glycemia. The NAFLD-LFS and APRI predicted development of diabetes (hazard ratios [95%CI] 1.35 [1.07, 1.70]; P = 0.012) and 2.36 (1.23, 4.54; P = 0.010), respectively). The effect of vitamin D on diabetes risk was not modified by baseline NAFLD indices. Individuals with likely steatosis had a smaller increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in response to vitamin D than those without steatosis.
conclusionsThe predicted high prevalence of steatosis, the need for further fibrosis workup, and the relationship between liver health and incident T2D suggest that routine screening with clinically accessible scores may be an important strategy to reduce disease burden.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.