ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Interaction between Cigarette Smoke and Human Papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 Oncoproteins to Induce SOD2 Expression and DNA Damage in Head and Neck Cancer.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cigarette Smoke Exposure Attenuates T2R-Mediated Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Head & neck · 2026Article
- Increased Expression of Superoxide Dismutase 2 Is an Indicator of Worse Prognosis of Oropharyngeal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- HIV-HPV interactions via extracellular vesicles among tobacco smokers and nonsmokers.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Triple Viral Infections in Advanced Breast Cancer: Insights from a Three-Case Report and Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Emerging paradigms: unmasking the role of oxidative stress in HPV-induced carcinogenesis.Infectious agents and cancer · 2024Review
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- Contributions of viral oncogenes of HPV-18 and hypoxia to oxidative stress and genetic damage in human keratinocytes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Even though epidemiological studies suggest that tobacco smoking and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection are mutually exclusive risk factors for developing head and neck cancer (HNC), a portion of subjects who develop this heterogeneous group of cancers are both HPV-positive and smokers. Both carcinogenic factors are associated with increased oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage. It has been suggested that superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) can be independently regulated by cigarette smoke and HPV, increasing adaptation to OS and tumor progression. In this study, we analyzed SOD2 levels and DNA damage in oral cells ectopically expressing HPV16 E6/E7 oncoproteins and exposed to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). Additionally, we analyzed SOD2 transcripts in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Head and Neck Cancer Database. We found that oral cells expressing HPV16 E6/E7 oncoproteins exposed to CSC synergistically increased SOD2 levels and DNA damage. Additionally, the SOD2 regulation by E6, occurs in an Akt1 and ATM-independent manner. This study suggests that HPV and cigarette smoke interaction in HNC promotes SOD2 alterations, leading to increased DNA damage and, in turn, contributing to development of a different clinical entity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.