ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2023
Evaluation of Different Contrast Agents for Regional Lung Perfusion Measurement Using Electrical Impedance Tomography: An Experimental Pilot Study.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility and safety of repeated 23% hypertonic saline boluses for electrical impedance tomography contrast enhancement in anaesthetised horses.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Comparison of 5% sodium bicarbonate and 10% sodium chloride as contrast agents for lung perfusion with electrical impedance tomography: a prospective clinical study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Bedside detection and monitoring of pulmonary embolism using electrical impedance tomography.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Electrical impedance tomography monitoring in adult ICU patients: state-of-the-art, recommendations for standardized acquisition, processing, and clinical use, and future directions.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Review
- Absolute values of regional ventilation-perfusion mismatch in patients with ARDS monitored by electrical impedance tomography and the role of dead space and shunt compensation.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Article
- Electrical Impedance Tomography Identifies Evolution of Regional Perfusion in a Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Anesthesiology · 2023Article
- Electrical Impedance Tomography: The Electrocardiogram for the Lungs?American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Monitoring regional blood flow distribution in the lungs appears to be useful for individually optimizing ventilation therapy. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can be used at the bedside for indicator-based regional lung perfusion measurement. Hypertonic saline is widely used as a contrast agent but could be problematic for clinical use due to potential side effects. In five ventilated healthy pigs, we investigated the suitability of five different injectable and clinically approved solutions as contrast agents for EIT-based lung perfusion measurement. Signal extraction success rate, signal strength, and image quality were analyzed after repeated 10 mL bolus injections during temporary apnea. The best results were obtained using NaCl 5.85% and sodium-bicarbonate 8.4% with optimal success rates (100%, each), the highest signal strengths (100 ± 25% and 64 ± 17%), and image qualities (r = 0.98 ± 0.02 and 0.95 ± 0.07). Iomeprol 400 mg/mL (non-ionic iodinated X-ray contrast medium) and Glucose 5% (non-ionic glucose solution) resulted in mostly well usable signals with above average success rates (87% and 89%), acceptable signal strength (32 ± 8% and 16 + 3%), and sufficient image qualities (r = 0.80 ± 0.19 and 0.72 ± 0.21). Isotonic balanced crystalloid solution failed due to a poor success rate (42%), low signal strength (10 ± 4%), and image quality (r = 0.43 ± 0.28). While Iomeprol might enable simultaneous EIT and X-ray measurements, glucose might help to avoid sodium and chloride overload. Further research should address optimal doses to balance reliability and potential side effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.