ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Effects of Apocynin, a NADPH Oxidase Inhibitor, in the Protection of the Heart from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rutin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Multi-Organ Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: From Multidimensional Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The effects of apocynin on ciprofloxacin-induced oxidative stress-related cardiotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Is the use of anthracyclines implicated in myocardial injury? Investigating the cardio modulatory effects of naringenin and apocynin in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- CD38 connects the heart and brain.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Apocynin: A Promising Antioxidant Strategy for Acute Kidney Injury.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neutrophils in Tissue Injury and Repair: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2025Review
- The cardiac toxicity of PAMAM dendrimer drug delivery systems can be attenuated with the adjunct use of cardioprotective agents.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms involved in therapeutic effects of natural compounds against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity: a review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- The role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage enzymes in cardioprotection.Kardiochirurgia i torakochirurgia polska = Polish journal of cardio-thoracic surgery · 2024Review
- New NADPH Oxidase 2 Inhibitors Display Potent Activity against Oxidative Stress by Targeting p22Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ischemia and perfusion (I/R) induce inflammation and oxidative stress, which play a notable role in tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) in the protection of the heart from I/R injury. Hearts isolated from Wistar rats (n = 8 per group) were perfused with a modified Langendorff preparation. Left ventricular (LV) contractility and cardiovascular hemodynamics were evaluated by a data acquisition program, and infarct size was evaluated by 2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Furthermore, the effect of apocynin on the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was evaluated using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hearts were subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia, produced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Hearts were infused with apocynin before ischemia, during ischemia or at reperfusion. To understand the potential pathways of apocynin protection of the heart, a nitric oxide donor (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, SNAP), nitric oxide blocker (N (gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-Name), nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) inhibiter (Ned-K), cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) agonist, or CD38 blocker (Thiazoloquin (az)olin (on)e compound, 78c) was infused with apocynin. Antioxidants were evaluated by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. Apocynin infusion before ischemia or at reperfusion protected the heart by normalizing cardiac hemodynamics and decreasing the infarct size. Apocynin treatment resulted in a significant (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.