ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Exploring the Benefits of Phycocyanin: From Spirulina Cultivation to Its Widespread Applications.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Spirulina as a Multifunctional Ingredient: Challenges, Opportunities, Composition, Techno-Functional Properties, and Food Applications.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Addition ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Red Seaweed-Derived Phycobiliproteins: Marine Bioactive Colorants with Functional Health Properties.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- C-phycocyanin protects against obesity-associated type 2 diabetes-induced male fertility dysfunction via key enzyme regulation.Asian journal of andrology · 2026Article
- Special Issue "Recent Research on Natural Products from Microalgae and Cyanobacteria".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Phycocyanin-Protein Complex in THP-1 Cells: Implications for Dermocosmetic Applications.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Article
- High-Purity Phycocyanin Production from Cyanobacteria Using a Biorefinery Approach: Life Cycle Assessment and Comparative Process Benchmarking.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Phycoerythrin nanoemulsion-enriched probiotic sausage: enhancing Bacillus coagulans viability via Aliinostoc sp. 2 exopolysaccharides.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multifunctional bilayer radiative cooling dressing for regenerative wound healing under heat stress.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Spirulina and Its Bioactive Compounds as Multi-Target Anticancer Agents: Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Translational Potential.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Trends inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Protective Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Chondrocytes Under Moderate Acute Dynamic Compression.Cartilage · 2026Article
- Innovative Hydrogel Formulation Combining Phycocyanin and Probiotic for Enhancing Skin Regeneration and Accelerated Wound Healing: A Preclinical Investigation in Wistar Rats.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the role ofVeterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- C-Phycocyanin ameliorates ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome by mitigating inflammation and enhances fertility in an OHSS mouse model.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- The Use of Spirulina Powder to Enrich Honey with Antioxidants and Highly Digestible Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Microalgae as a Source of Photosensitizers: Analytical Strategies and Biomedical Use in Photodynamic Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spirulina as a sustainable functional ingredient: nutrient density, bioactives, and food applications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Large-scale production of microalgae and their bioactive compounds has steadily increased in response to global demand for natural compounds. Spirulina, in particular, has been used due to its high nutritional value, especially its high protein content. Promising biological functions have been associated with Spirulina extracts, mainly related to its high value added blue pigment, phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is used in several industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, which increases its market value. Due to the worldwide interest and the need to replace synthetic compounds with natural ones, efforts have been made to optimize large-scale production processes and maintain phycocyanin stability, which is a highly unstable protein. The aim of this review is to update the scientific knowledge on phycocyanin applications and to describe the reported production, extraction, and purification methods, including the main physical and chemical parameters that may affect the purity, recovery, and stability of phycocyanin. By implementing different techniques such as complete cell disruption, extraction at temperatures below 45 °C and a pH of 5.5-6.0, purification through ammonium sulfate, and filtration and chromatography, both the purity and stability of phycocyanin have been significantly improved. Moreover, the use of saccharides, crosslinkers, or natural polymers as preservatives has contributed to the increased market value of phycocyanin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.