ReviewVaccines2023
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: The Molecular Basis of Some Adverse Events.
Review in Vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Menstrual disturbance associated with COVID-19 vaccines: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Extreme PTH-Independent Hypercalcemia Mediated by a Rare Non-Osteoclastic Osteolysis Mechanism in Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Biclonal IgA Multiple Myeloma: Temporal Association with the Second Dose of Moderna mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Messenger RNA Vaccines.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Inflammatory mechanisms of menstrual cycle changes following COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents.Vaccine · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccination during or just prior to pregnancy and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Vaccine · 2026Article
- Review
- Risk of thyroid dysfunction after COVID-19 vaccination: meta-analysis of 11 million individuals.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Clinical and haematological features of hyperhaemolysis in sickle cell disease: A case series from two tertiary care centres.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
- Vaccine side effects after vaccination against COVID-19 in employees at an University Hospital in Austria.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Preharvest Control ofMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Unique Features and Collateral Immune Effects of mRNA-LNP COVID-19 Vaccines: Plausible Mechanisms of Adverse Events and Complications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Decrypting the Immune Symphony for RNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- PaedVacCOVID - safety of the BNT162b2 vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 in children with and without comorbidities aged 5 to 11 years.Infection · 2025Article
- Altered Circulating Cytokine Profile Among mRNA-Vaccinated Young Adults: A Year-Long Follow-Up Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- mRNA vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IFN-γ and IL-2 T-cell responses are predictive of serological neutralization and are transiently enhanced by pre-existing cross-reactive immunity.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Review
- In response to "Constrictive Pericarditis Associated with COVID-19 or Vaccination".Balkan medical journal · 2025Article
- Patent landscape of nanotechnology - based nucleic acid delivery systems for breast cancer therapies.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Soluble SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein: considering some potential pathogenic effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Role of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Long-term Damage of Tissues and Organs, the Underestimated Role of Retrotransposons and Stem Cells, a Working Hypothesis.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Each injection of any known vaccine results in a strong expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This is the result of the innate immune system activation, without which no adaptive response to the injection of vaccines is possible. Unfortunately, the degree of inflammation produced by COVID-19 mRNA vaccines is variable, probably depending on genetic background and previous immune experiences, which through epigenetic modifications could have made the innate immune system of each individual tolerant or reactive to subsequent immune stimulations.We hypothesize that we can move from a limited pro-inflammatory condition to conditions of increasing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can culminate in multisystem hyperinflammatory syndromes following COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (MIS-V). We have graphically represented this idea in a hypothetical inflammatory pyramid (IP) and we have correlated the time factor to the degree of inflammation produced after the injection of vaccines. Furthermore, we have placed the clinical manifestations within this hypothetical IP, correlating them to the degree of inflammation produced. Surprisingly, excluding the possible presence of an early MIS-V, the time factor and the complexity of clinical manifestations are correlated to the increasing degree of inflammation: symptoms, heart disease and syndromes (MIS-V).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.