ArticleNature aging2022
Immune system-wide Mendelian randomization and triangulation analyses support autoimmunity as a modifiable component in dementia-causing diseases.
Article in Nature aging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic analysis of neurodegenerative diseases.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Shared genetic and neuroimmune architecture links type 1 diabetes with neurocognitive traits.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Population and single-cell analyses reveal immune cell-specific expression profiles associated with Alzheimer's disease risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Options for Alzheimer's Disease and Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline: State of the Art in the ACH2.0 Paradigm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immune, blood-brain barrier, and metabolic biomarkers mediate gut-brain axis crosstalk in alzheimer's disease.Biomarker research · 2025Article
- Optic neuritis as a link between autoimmunity and dementia risk.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Proteomic signatures of corona and herpes viral antibodies identify IGDCC4 as a mediator of neurodegeneration.Science advances · 2025Article
- Characterizing the expression profile of 3R tau pathology in Pick's disease.Science advances · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's Is a Multiform Disease of Sustained Neuronal Integrated Stress Response Driven by the C99 Fragment Generated Independently of AβPP; Proteolytic Production of Aβ Is Suppressed in AD-Affected Neurons: Evolution of a Theory.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- A GBD 2021 study of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias attributable to metabolic risk factors and forecasts to 2045 in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Quintessential Synergy: Concurrent Transient Administration of Integrated Stress Response Inhibitors and BACE1 and/or BACE2 Activators as the Optimal Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Proteomics identifies potential immunological drivers of postinfection brain atrophy and cognitive decline.Nature aging · 2024Article
- Genetic evidence for the causal relationships between migraine, dementia, and longitudinal brain atrophy.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Severe infections as a gateway to dementia.Nature aging · 2024Article
- ACH2.0/E, the Consolidated Theory of Conventional and Unconventional Alzheimer's Disease: Origins, Progression, and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Identification of circulating proteins associated with general cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Hospital-Diagnosed Infections, Autoimmune Diseases, and Subsequent Dementia Incidence.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- A FinnGen pilot clinical recall study for Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immune system and blood-brain barrier dysfunction are implicated in the development of Alzheimer's and other dementia-causing diseases, but their causal role remains unknown. We performed Mendelian randomization for 1,827 immune system- and blood-brain barrier-related biomarkers and identified 127 potential causal risk factors for dementia-causing diseases. Pathway analyses linked these biomarkers to amyloid-β, tau and α-synuclein pathways and to autoimmunity-related processes. A phenome-wide analysis using Mendelian randomization-based polygenic risk score in the FinnGen study (n = 339,233) for the biomarkers indicated shared genetic background for dementias and autoimmune diseases. This association was further supported by human leukocyte antigen analyses. In inverse-probability-weighted analyses that simulate randomized controlled drug trials in observational data, anti-inflammatory methotrexate treatment reduced the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in high-risk individuals (hazard ratio compared with no treatment, 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.88, P = 0.005). These converging results from different lines of human research suggest that autoimmunity is a modifiable component in dementia-causing diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.