ReviewAmerican journal of clinical dermatology2023
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on Pathogenesis and Future Therapeutic Directions.
Review in American journal of clinical dermatology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Organ-based characterization of B cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Litifilimab efficacy on skin outcomes in cutaneous lupus erythematosus in the Phase 2 LILAC study.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Trial
- Pharmacodynamic Effects of Litifilimab in Lupus in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Study: Rapid and Sustained Reductions in Type I Interferon-Associated Gene Expression and Cytokines.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Trial
- Racial and ethnic disparities in T helper 2-mediated inflammatory skin disorders.Skin health and disease · 2026Review
- The cGAS-STING pathway: mechanistic basis, dual biological functions and translational therapeutic advances.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Xanthomatous Reactions in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus-More Than an Incidental Finding?Journal of cutaneous pathology · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cell induction strategies and applications in the treatment of immune and non-immune diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Microarray Gene Expression Analysis of Lesional Skin in Canine Vesicular Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (VCLE).Veterinary dermatology · 2026Article
- Keratinocytes: A key player in skin immunity and their emerging roles in secondary lymphedema.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Review
- The Therapeutic Effect of Tapinarof on In Vitro Cutaneous Lupus-like Keratinocyte Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Upregulated GLUT1 expression correlates with type I interferon activity and disease severity in cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Chronic heat-induced discoid lupus erythematosus.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- [Successful management of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus with anifrolumab].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Persistent cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A pathway toward systemic disease?Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Patient-Centered Lupus Erythematosus Mobile Apps: Systematic Search and Cross-Sectional Evaluation by Patients and Physicians.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Spatial characterization of skin lesions in discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A MIF-p38-GSDMD inflammatory loop in keratinocytes underlies UVB-induced cutaneous lupus.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- [Chronic scarring plaques: a leap forward in treatment].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenic mechanisms, clinical biomarkers, and precision therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cross-tissue integrative transcriptomic and multimodal analyses suggest shared immune signatures linking lupus nephritis and cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus comprises a spectrum of autoimmune diseases that may affect various organs (systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]) or the skin only (cutaneous lupus erythematosus [CLE]). Typical combinations of clinical, histological and serological findings define clinical subtypes of CLE, yet there is high interindividual variation. Skin lesions arise in the course of triggers such as ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, smoking or drugs; keratinocytes, cytotoxic T cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) establish a self-perpetuating interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system that is pivotal for the pathogenesis of CLE. Therefore, treatment relies on avoidance of triggers and UV protection, topical therapies (glucocorticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors) and rather unspecific immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs. Yet, the advent of licensed targeted therapies for SLE might also open new perspectives in the management of CLE. The heterogeneity of CLE might be attributable to individual variables and we speculate that the prevailing inflammatory signature defined by either T cells, B cells, pDCs, a strong lesional type I interferon (IFN) response, or combinations of the above might be suitable to predict therapeutic response to targeted treatment. Therefore, pretherapeutic histological assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate could stratify patients with refractory CLE for T-cell-directed therapies (e.g. dapirolizumab pegol), B-cell-directed therapies (e.g. belimumab), pDC-directed therapies (e.g. litifilimab) or IFN-directed therapies (e.g. anifrolumab). Moreover, Janus kinase (JAK) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors might broaden the therapeutic armamentarium in the near future. A close interdisciplinary exchange with rheumatologists and nephrologists is mandatory for optimal treatment of lupus patients to define the best therapeutic strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.