ArticleHeliyon2023
Combinational administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and metformin reduces inflammatory responses in an in vitro model of insulin resistance in HepG2 cells.
Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications: current progress and future directions.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Critical roles of m6A demethylase FTO in ovarian aging.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Intertwined roles of microRNA-155 and metformin in osteoarthritis: Novel potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic modulators.World journal of orthopedics · 2025Review
- MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Roles and Molecular Mechanisms for Tissue Repair.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Therapeutic and immunomodulatory potentials of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and immune checkpoints related molecules.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell application in pulmonary disease treatment with emphasis on their interaction with lung-resident immune cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Exosomes: Potential Next-Generation Nanocarriers for the Therapy of Inflammatory Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Cancer-associated mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: role in progression and potential targets for therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetes is a highly common metabolic disorder in advanced societies. One of the causes of diabetes is insulin resistance, which is associated with a loss of sensitivity to insulin-sensitive cells. Insulin resistance develops in the body of a person prone to diabetes many years before diabetes development. Insulin resistance is associated with complications such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and compensatory hyperinsulinemia and causes liver inflammation, which, if left untreated, can lead to cirrhosis, fibrosis, and even liver cancer. Metformin is the first line of treatment for patients with diabetes, which lowers blood sugar and increases insulin sensitivity by inhibiting gluconeogenesis in liver cells. The use of metformin has side effects, including a metallic taste in the mouth, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and upset stomach. For this reason, other treatments, along with metformin, are being developed. Considering the anti-inflammatory role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived exosomes, their use seems to help improve liver tissue function and prevent damage caused by inflammation. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of Wharton's jelly MSCs derived exosomes in combination with metformin in the HepG2 cells insulin resistance model induced by high glucose. This study showed that MSCs derived exosomes as an anti-inflammatory agent in combination with metformin could increase the therapeutic efficacy of metformin without needing to change metformin doses by decreasing inflammatory cytokines production, including IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α and apoptosis in HepG2 cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.