ArticleThe Prostate2023
Total-, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and triglycerides with risk of total and fatal prostate cancer in Black and White men in the ARIC study.
Article in The Prostate, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonlinear Modeling Reveals Novel Associations Between Genetically Predicted Protein Levels and Pancreatic Cancer Risk.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2026Article
- Body mass index and waist-hip ratio - Risk factors for aortic valve disease: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Variable selection-combined causal mediation analysis for continuous treatments with application to large-dimensional biomedical data.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Association of Coagulation Factor XI Level With Cardiovascular Events and Cardiac Function in Community-Dwelling Adults: From ARIC and CHS.Circulation · 2025Article
- Developing prognostic models for cholesterol-related genes linked with immune infiltration in prostate cancer.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic and immunological roles of apolipoprotein F (APOF) in human cancer.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCholesterol reduction is considered a mechanism through which cholesterol-lowering drugs including statins are associated with a reduced aggressive prostate cancer risk. While prior cohort studies found positive associations between total cholesterol and more advanced stage and grade in White men, whether associations for total cholesterol, low (LDL)- and high (HDL)-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (LDL particle) and A1 (HDL particle), and triglycerides are similar for fatal prostate cancer and in Black men, who experience a disproportionate burden of total and fatal prostate cancer, is unknown.
methodsWe conducted a prospective study of 1553 Black and 5071 White cancer-free men attending visit 1 (1987-1989) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. A total of 885 incident prostate cancer cases were ascertained through 2015, and 128 prostate cancer deaths through 2018. We estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of total and fatal prostate cancer per 1-standard deviation increments and for tertiles (T1-T3) of time-updated lipid biomarkers overall and in Black and White men.
resultsGreater total cholesterol concentration (HR per-1 SD = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.00-1.58) and LDL cholesterol (HR per-1 SD = 1.26; 95% CI = 0.99-1.60) were associated with higher fatal prostate cancer risk in White men only. Apolipoprotein B was nonlinearly associated with fatal prostate cancer overall (T2 vs. T1: HR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.05-2.64) and in Black men (HR = 3.59; 95% CI = 1.53-8.40) but not White men (HR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.65-1.97). Tests for interaction by race were not statistically significant.
conclusionsThese findings may improve the understanding of lipid metabolism in prostate carcinogenesis by disease aggressiveness, and by race while emphasizing the importance of cholesterol control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.