ReviewAging and disease2023
Effects of Resistance Exercise on Neuroprotective Factors in Middle and Late Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Aging and disease, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise-induced modulation of IGF-1 in healthy, obese, and cancer populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of different physical activity interventions on executive function in older adults with dementia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- The Optimal Type and Dose of Exercise for Elevating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Patients With Depression: A Systematic Review With Pairwise, Network, and Dose-Response Meta-Analyses.Depression and anxiety · 2024Pooled it
- Preserving brain health in aging: structural and biochemical benefits of water based resistance training, a randomized controlled trial.BMC geriatrics · 2026Trial
- Effects of Exercise Interventions on Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis Across Clinical and Healthy Populations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Mind-body exercise as epigenetic modulators: Rewiring neural circuits for stress resilience and cognitive aging.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Exercise, exerkines, and muscle-brain crosstalk in Parkinson's disease.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Role of Exercise in Modulating the Brain-Heart Axis in Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Muscle and mind: rewiring cognitive-motor recovery through exercise-responsive neurophysiology in neurological populations.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Muscle-brain crosstalk in sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: endocrine signaling, metabolic regulation, and exercise modulation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Effects of Resistance Training on Motor and Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR).The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Review
- Physical activity and neuroplasticity in neurodegenerative disorders: a comprehensive review of exercise interventions, cognitive training, and AI applications.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies for muscle wasting: an integrative review.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Exercise, Neuroprotective Exerkines, and Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Effects of non-pharmacological interventions for adults with subjective cognitive decline: a network meta-analysis and component network meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Greater Omentum: Multifaceted Interactions in Neurological Recovery and Disease Progression.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Age-Related Dysfunction in Balance: A Comprehensive Review of Causes, Consequences, and Interventions.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Non-pharmacological and drug treatment of autonomic dysfunction in multiple system atrophy: current status and future directions.Journal of neurology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroprotective factors are involved in brain functioning. Although physical exercise has been shown to have a positive influence on these factors, the effect of resistance exercise on them is not well known. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to 1) estimate the efficacy of resistance exercise on major neuroprotective factors, such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in middle and late life and 2) determine whether the effect is dose dependent. A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Scopus, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science up to November 2022. Random effects models were used to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the effect of resistance exercise on peripheral IGF-1, BDNF or VEGF levels in older adults. Thirty randomized clinical trials with 1247 subjects (53.25% women, 45-92 years) were included in the systematic review, and 27 were selected for the meta-analysis. A significant effect of resistance exercise on IGF-1 levels was observed (SMD: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.69), being more effective when performing 3 sessions/week (SMD: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.79) but not on BDNF (SMD: 0.33; 95% CI: -0.29, 0.94). The effect on VEGF could not be determined due to the scarcity of studies. Our data support the resistance training recommendation in middle and late life, at a frequency of at least 3 sessions/week, to mitigate the neurological and cognitive consequences associated with aging, mainly through IGF-1.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.