Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37177607›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023

A Deep Learning-Based Innovative Technique for Phishing Detection in Modern Security with Uniform Resource Locators.

Eman Abdullah Aldakheel, Mohammed Zakariah, Ghada Abdalaziz Gashgari, Fahdah A Almarshad, Abdullah I A Alzahrani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Eman Abdullah AldakheelDepartment of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4035-7763
Mohammed ZakariahDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.
Ghada Abdalaziz GashgariDepartment of Cybersecurity, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Ar Rabwah Jeddah 23449, Saudi Arabia.
Fahdah A AlmarshadDepartment of Information Systems, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0004-6047-7844
Abdullah I A AlzahraniDepartment of Computer Science, College of Science and Humanities in Al Quwaiiyah, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4718-7568

Funding

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PNURSP2023R409
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organizations and individuals worldwide are becoming increasingly vulnerable to cyberattacks as phishing continues to grow and the number of phishing websites grows. As a result, improved cyber defense necessitates more effective phishing detection (PD). In this paper, we introduce a novel method for detecting phishing sites with high accuracy. Our approach utilizes a Convolution Neural Network (CNN)-based model for precise classification that effectively distinguishes legitimate websites from phishing websites. We evaluate the performance of our model on the PhishTank dataset, which is a widely used dataset for detecting phishing websites based solely on Uniform Resource Locators (URL) features. Our approach presents a unique contribution to the field of phishing detection by achieving high accuracy rates and outperforming previous state-of-the-art models. Experiment results revealed that our proposed method performs well in terms of accuracy and its false-positive rate. We created a real data set by crawling 10,000 phishing URLs from PhishTank and 10,000 legitimate websites and then ran experiments using standard evaluation metrics on the data sets. This approach is founded on integrated and deep learning (DL). The CNN-based model can distinguish phishing websites from legitimate websites with a high degree of accuracy. When binary-categorical loss and the Adam optimizer are used, the accuracy of the k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Random Forest (RF) models is 87%, 97.98%, 97.4% and 94.26%, respectively, in contrast to previous publications. Our model outperformed previous works due to several factors, including the use of more layers and larger training sizes, and the extraction of additional features from the PhishTank dataset. Specifically, our proposed model comprises seven layers, starting with the input layer and progressing to the seventh, which incorporates a layer with pooling, convolutional, linear 1 and 2, and linear six layers as the output layers. These design choices contribute to the high accuracy of our model, which achieved a 98.77% accuracy rate.

Indexed as

convolutional neural networkdeep learningmachine-learningphishing detection systemPhishTank data setURL analysis

Identifiers

PMID37177607
PMCPMC10181756

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.