Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37202128›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2023

Anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women in low-income and middle-income countries: a comparative cross-sectional study.

Dagmawi Chilot, Fantu Mamo Aragaw, Daniel Gashaneh Belay, Melaku Hunie Asratie, Mequanint Melesse Bicha, Adugnaw Zeleke Alem

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Dagmawi ChilotCenter for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia dagimchilot21@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-3792-4130
Fantu Mamo AragawDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-4128-077X
Daniel Gashaneh BelayEpidemology, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-5724-6234
Melaku Hunie AsratieWomen and Family Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-2281-7519
Mequanint Melesse BichaDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Adugnaw Zeleke AlemEpidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-1928-8548
University of Gondar · ETAfrica Centres for Disease Control and Prevention · ET

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

designComparative cross-sectional study.

settingLMICs.

participantsReproductive-age women. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Anaemia.

methodsData for the study were drawn from the recent 46 LMICs Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). A total of 185 330 lactating and 827 501 non-lactating women (both are non-pregnant) who gave birth in the last 5 years preceding the survey were included. STATA V.16 was used to clean, code and analyse the data. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with anaemia. In the adjusted model, the adjusted OR with 95% CI and a p value <0.05 was reported to indicate statistical association.

resultThe prevalence of anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women was found at 50.95% (95% CI 50.72, 51.17) and 49.33% (95% CI 49.23%, 49.44%), respectively. Maternal age, mother's educational status, wealth index, family size, media exposure, residence, pregnancy termination, source of drinking water and contraceptive usage were significantly associated determinants of anaemia in both lactating and non-lactating women. Additionally, the type of toilet facility, antenatal care visit, postnatal care visit, iron supplementation and place of delivery were factors significantly associated with anaemia in lactating women. Besides, smoking was significantly associated with anaemia in non-lactating women. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The prevalence of anaemia was higher in lactating women compared with non-lactating. Almost half of the lactating and non-lactating women were anaemic. Both individual-level and community-level factors were significantly associated with anaemia. Governments, non-governmental organisations, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders are recommended to primarily focus on disadvantageous communities where their knowledge, purchasing power, access to healthcare facilities, access to clean drinking water and clean toilet facilities are minimal.

Indexed as

AnemiaDrinking WaterCross-Sectional StudiesDeveloping CountriesFemaleHumansPregnancyPrevalenceRisk FactorsDrinking WaterEPIDEMIOLOGYHealth policyMaternal medicineNUTRITION & DIETETICS

Identifiers

PMID37202128
PMCPMC10201259
OpenAlexW4377093817

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.