ReviewNeurology international2023
Macrophages in Recurrent Glioblastoma as a Prognostic Factor in the Synergistic System of the Tumor Microenvironment.
Review in Neurology international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Journey into the Complexity of Temporo-Insular Gliomas: Case Report and Literature Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Pooled it
- Modifiable risk factors for glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2023Pooled it
- Cellular Allies Against Glioblastoma: Therapeutic Potential of Macrophages and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- M2 macrophage infiltration associated with CXCL8 predicts grade 4 prognosis and differentiates glioma grades.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Establishment of molecular subtypes and prognostic models for glioblastoma based on non-apoptotic regulatory cell death genes.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Identification of a prognostic signature consisting of three macrophage-related genes for glioblastoma based on bulk and single-cell transcriptomes analyses.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) as a novel oncolytic virotherapy in glioblastoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Deep Neural Network-Based Risk Prediction of Glioblastoma Multiforme Recurrence.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Immunogenic cell death-related macrophage gene model for prognostic prediction in glioblastoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Microglia and brain macrophages are differentially associated with tumor necrosis in glioblastoma: A link to tumor progression.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Single-cell and Multi-omics Analysis Confirmed the Signature and Potential Targets of Cuproptosis in Colorectal Cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2025Article
- Risk Prediction and Management for Central Nervous System Infection After Resection for Gliomas-The 8-Year Experience from a Tertiary Medical Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Novel 3-D Macrophage Spheroid Model Reveals Reciprocal Regulation of Immunomechanical Stress and Mechano-Immunological Response.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Inflammatory Landscape of Recurrent Glioblastoma through Histological-Based Assessments.Cancers · 2024Review
- Molecular Profile as an Outcome Predictor in Glioblastoma along with MRI Features and Surgical Resection: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Brain Stem Glioma Recurrence: Exploring the Therapeutic Frontiers.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) Suppresses Tumor Growth by Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and Synaptic Remodeling in Gliomas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Noninvasive prediction of CCL2 expression level in high-grade glioma patients.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as a Novel Approach to Modulating Macrophage Polarization for the Treatment of Glioblastoma.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common and highly malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Ever more recent papers are focusing on understanding the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in affecting tumorigenesis and the subsequent prognosis. We assessed the impact of macrophages in the TME on the prognosis in patients with recurrent GBM. A PubMed, MEDLINE and Scopus review was conducted to identify all studies dealing with macrophages in the GBM microenvironment from January 2016 to December 2022. Glioma-associated macrophages (GAMs) act critically in enhancing tumor progression and can alter drug resistance, promoting resistance to radiotherapy and establishing an immunosuppressive environment. M1 macrophages are characterized by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1ß, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-27, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), CCL2, and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), IGF1, that can lead to the destruction of the tissue. In contrast, M2 is supposed to participate in immunosuppression and tumor progression, which is formed after being exposed to the macrophage M-CSF, IL-10, IL-35 and the transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-β). Because there is currently no standard of care in recurrent GBM, novel identified targeted therapies based on the complex signaling and interactions between the glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the TME, especially resident microglia and bone-marrow-derived macrophages, may be helpful in improving the overall survival of these patients in the near future.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.