SynthesisDiabetes care2023
Cardiovascular and Renal Benefits of Novel Diabetes Drugs by Baseline Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression.
Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential Mediators for Treatment Effects of Novel Diabetes Medications on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: A Meta-Regression Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Pooled it
- The relationship between repeated measurements of HbACardiovascular diabetology · 2024Trial
- Mortality and persistence in therapy in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes receiving gliflozins or incretins.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Liraglutide combined with dapagliflozin treatment improves myocardial disease and endothelial dysfunction in T2DM mice.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- GLP-1RA precision medicine in people with type 2 diabetes: current insights and future prospects.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Diabetes-type-specific thyroid safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists: evidence from a large real-world cohort.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Real-World Evidence Assessment of the Risk of Nonfatal Stroke in Patients Prescribed SGLT2 Inhibitors.Stroke research and treatment · 2026Article
- Blood Pressure-Lowering Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.Current hypertension reports · 2025Review
- The forgotten - overcoming challenges in diabetes care for marginalized populations.Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Review
- Heterogeneity of Cardiovascular Effects of Second-Line Glucose-Lowering Therapies in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Across the Range of Moderate Baseline Cardiovascular Risk.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Review
- Barriers in prescribing antidiabetic medications with cardiovascular benefits: practice, experience, and attitudes of GPs in Croatia.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- The use of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in older patients: a debate on approaches in CKD and non-CKD populations.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Trends in prescribing sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without cardiovascular-renal disease in South Korea, 2015-2021.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- Glycaemic control is still central in the hierarchy of priorities in type 2 diabetes management.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Effect of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonism on Aortic Valve Stenosis Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Long-term prognostic impact of fasting plasma glucose and myocardial flow reserve beyond other risk factors and heart disease phenotypes.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2024Article
- Cluster analysis of patient characteristics, treatment modalities, renal impairments, and inflammatory markers in diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Inertia in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- Mediators of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: How Do Novel Diabetes Medications Work?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEligibility for glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) has been expanded to patients with diabetes at lower cardiovascular risk, but whether treatment benefits differ by risk levels is not clear. PURPOSE: To investigate whether patients with varying risks differ in cardiovascular and renal benefits from GLP-1RA and SGLT2i with use of meta-analysis and meta-regression. DATA SOURCES: We performed a systematic review using PubMed through 7 November 2022. STUDY SELECTION: We included reports of GLP-1RA and SGLT2i confirmatory randomized trials in adult patients with safety or efficacy end point data. DATA EXTRACTION: Hazard ratio (HR) and event rate data were extracted for mortality, cardiovascular, and renal outcomes. DATA SYNTHESIS: We analyzed 9 GLP-1RA and 13 SGLT2i trials comprising 154,649 patients. Summary HRs were significant for cardiovascular mortality (GLP-1RA 0.87 and SGLT2i 0.86), major adverse cardiovascular events (0.87 and 0.88), heart failure (0.89 and 0.70), and renal (0.84 and 0.65) outcomes. For stroke, efficacy was significant for GLP-1RA (0.84) but not for SGLT2i (0.92). Associations between control arm cardiovascular mortality rates and HRs were nonsignificant. Five-year absolute risk reductions (0.80-4.25%) increased to 11.6% for heart failure in SGLT2i trials in patients with high risk (Pslope < 0.001). For GLP1-RAs, associations were nonsignificant. LIMITATIONS: Analyses were limited by lack of patient-level data, consistency in end point definitions, and variation in cardiovascular mortality rates for GLP-1RA trials.
conclusionsRelative effects of novel diabetes drugs are preserved across baseline cardiovascular risk, whereas absolute benefits increase at higher risks, particularly regarding heart failure. Our findings suggest a need for baseline risk assessment tools to identify variation in absolute treatment benefits and improve decision-making.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.