ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Cholesterol Contributes to Risk, Severity, and Machine Learning-Driven Diagnosis of Lyme Disease.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Curiouser and curiouser: understanding the intersection of inter- and intra-specific diversity during theInfection and immunity · 2026Review
- Capturing multi-disease states on a spectrum with machine learning and routine clinical data.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Exploring data-driven algorithms to identify Lyme disease cases in electronic health records.PloS one · 2026Article
- Hypercholesterolemia enhances early dissemination and Borrelia burgdorferi burden in a mouse model.Microbial pathogenesis · 2025Article
- Differences in Lyme Disease Diagnosis among Medicaid and Medicare Beneficiaries, United States, 2016-2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based penetrance of genetic variants.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Identification of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Epitopes From Lyme Autoantigen Apolipoprotein B-100 and Borrelia burgdorferi Mcp4 in Murine Lyme Arthritis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLyme disease is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in the US, yet its host factors are poorly understood and diagnostic tests are limited. We evaluated patients in a large health system to uncover cholesterol's role in the susceptibility, severity, and machine learning-based diagnosis of Lyme disease.
methodsA longitudinal health system cohort comprised 1 019 175 individuals with electronic health record data and 50 329 with linked genetic data. Associations of blood cholesterol level, cholesterol genetic scores comprising common genetic variants, and burden of rare loss-of-function (LoF) variants in cholesterol metabolism genes with Lyme disease were investigated. A portable machine learning model was constructed and tested to predict Lyme disease using routine lipid and clinical measurements.
resultsThere were 3832 cases of Lyme disease. Increasing cholesterol was associated with greater risk of Lyme disease and hypercholesterolemia was more prevalent in Lyme disease cases than in controls. Cholesterol genetic scores and rare LoF variants in CD36 and LDLR were associated with Lyme disease risk. Serological profiling of cases revealed parallel trajectories of rising cholesterol and immunoglobulin levels over the disease course, including marked increases in individuals with LoF variants and high cholesterol genetic scores. The machine learning model predicted Lyme disease solely using routine lipid panel, blood count, and metabolic measurements.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate the value of large-scale genetic and clinical data to reveal host factors underlying infectious disease biology, risk, and prognosis and the potential for their clinical translation to machine learning diagnostics that do not need specialized assays.
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