ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
The role of PD-1 signaling in health and immune-related diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- PDCD1 gene polymorphisms linked with altered risk of female-specific hormone-dependent cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- CD4Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Systemic treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced psoriasis: Inference-based guidance.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness and safety of immunotherapeutic strategies in ovarian cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Treatment-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Review
- The interplay of the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 and the soluble immune checkpoint proteins sPD-1/sPD-L1 in breast cancer: tumor-immune cross-talk.Bioscience reports · 2026Article
- microRNAs as Regulators of the Immune Response and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications in Cancer.Non-coding RNA · 2026Review
- A phase 1 dose-finding and pharmacokinetic study of acasunlimab alone or in combination with pembrolizumab in Japanese patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Expression of PD-1 on T cells and its predictive value for steroid resistance in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Generation of Regulatory T Cells Against Islet Neoantigen.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Assessment of the Novel rVSV-PD-1-4-1BBL Oncolytic Activity on Mouse and Human Cancer Cell Lines.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Spatial transcriptomics identifies immune-stromal niches associated with cancer in adult dermatomyositis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Farm Dust Extracts in a Mouse Model of Eosinophilic Inflammation.Allergy · 2026Article
- Tim-3 agonist restrains ILC2 function and attenuates airway hyperreactivity via NLK pathway.Nature communications · 2026Article
- PD-L2 deficiency in Alveolar macrophages drives fibrosis, apoptosis, and ferroptosis via M1 polarization in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammatory protein expression patterns in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a cross-sectional observational study.Clinical proteomics · 2026Article
- Imaging mass cytometry unveils functional and spatial remodeling of peri-lesional cells in jaw osteonecrosis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Modelling Immune Dynamics in Locally Advanced MSI-H/dMMR Colorectal Cancer with Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab Treatment: From Differential Equations to an Agent-Based Framework.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Balancing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in CD8Immune network · 2026Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) and its ligands constitute an inhibitory pathway to mediate the mechanism of immune tolerance and provide immune homeostasis. Significantly, the binding partners of PD-1 and its associated ligands are diverse, which facilitates immunosuppression in cooperation with other immune checkpoint proteins. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the important immunosuppressive role of the PD-1 axis in the tumor microenvironment and in autoimmune diseases. In addition, PD-1 blockades have been approved to treat various cancers, including solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the PD-1 pathway, focusing on the structure and expression of PD-1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2); the diverse biological functions of PD-1 signaling in health and immune-related diseases (including tumor immunity, autoimmunity, infectious immunity, transplantation immunity, allergy and immune privilege); and immune-related adverse events related to PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.