ArticleEuropean journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics2023
Re-examining Naloxone Pharmacokinetics After Intranasal and Intramuscular Administration Using the Finite Absorption Time Concept.
Article in European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal Naloxone During Recurrent Exercise in Individuals with Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus: Evaluation of the Clinical Predictors of Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Analytically Confirmed Opioid Detections From the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia.Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA · 2026Article
- FDA and EMA Oversight of Disruptive Science on Application of Finite Absorption Time (F.A.T.) Concept in Oral Drug Absorption: Time for Scientific and Regulatory Changes.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Application of the Finite Absorption Time (F.A.T.) Concept in the Assessment of Bioequivalence.Pharmaceutical research · 2024Article
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Naloxone.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesNaloxone for opioid overdose treatment can be administered by intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, or intranasal administration. Published data indicate differences in naloxone pharmacokinetics depending on the route of administration. The aim of this study was to analyze pharmacokinetic data in the same way that we recently successfully applied the concept of the finite absorption time in orally administered drug formulations.
methodsUsing the model equations already derived, we performed least squares analysis on 24 sets of naloxone concentration in the blood as a function of time.
resultsWe found that intramuscular and intranasal administration can be described more accurately when considering zero-order absorption kinetics for finite time compared with classical first order absorption kinetics for infinite time.
conclusionsOne-compartment models work well for most cases. Two-compartment models provide better details, but have higher parameter uncertainties. The absorption duration can be determined directly from the model parameters and thus allow an easy comparison between the ways of administration. Furthermore, the precise site of injection for intramuscular delivery appears to make a difference in terms of the duration of the drug absorption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.