ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Advancement of Nonwoven Fabrics in Personal Protective Equipment.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Investigation and analysis of the impact of fibre mixing on the strength of nonwoven fabrics produced using double-drum carding machines.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Plasma-Assisted UV Grafting of Thermo-Responsive Chitosan-Polymers · 2026Article
- Closing the Loop on Personal Protective Equipment: Collection, Polymer Recovery, and Circular Pathways for Post-Consumer PPE.Polymers · 2026Review
- Morphological and Performance Assessment of Commercial Menstrual and Incontinence Absorbent Hygiene Products.Polymers · 2026Article
- Improved medical protective clothing comfort for medical staff facing high-intensity infectious diseases.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- A New Approach to Implementing 3D-Printed Material Structures for Protective Gloves with the Use of Ultrasonic and Contact Welding Processes: A Preliminary Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Experimental Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Filter Media in Solid-Liquid Filtration Processes.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Investigation of Releasing Chamomile Essential Oil from Inserts with Cellulose Agar and Microcrystalline Cellulose Agar Films Used in Biotextronics Systems for Lower Urinary Tract Inflammation Treatment.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Structural Design and Performance of Cut-Resistant Fabrics with Concave-Convex Arrays.Polymers · 2024Article
- Permeable Properties of Hygienic Nonwovens Bonded Using Mechanical, Chemical, and Thermal Techniques.Polymers · 2024Article
- Facile-Solution-Processed Silicon Nanofibers Formed on Recycled Cotton Nonwovens as Multifunctional Porous Sustainable Materials.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While nonwoven fabrics have existed for several decades, their usage in personal protective equipment (PPE) has been met with a rapid surge of demands, in part due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to critically examine the current state of nonwoven PPE fabrics by exploring (i) the material constituents and processing steps to produce fibers and bond them, and (ii) how each fabric layer is integrated into a textile, and how the assembled textiles are used as PPE. Firstly, filament fibers are manufactured via dry, wet, and polymer-laid fiber spinning methods. Then the fibers are bonded via chemical, thermal, and mechanical means. Emergent nonwoven processes such as electrospinning and centrifugal spinning to produce unique ultrafine nanofibers are discussed. Nonwoven PPE applications are categorized as filters, medical usage, and protective garments. The role of each nonwoven layer, its role, and textile integration are discussed. Finally, the challenges stemming from the single-use nature of nonwoven PPEs are discussed, especially in the context of growing concerns over sustainability. Then, emerging solutions to address sustainability issues with material and processing innovations are explored.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.