Evidence mapPaperPMID 37314012Full record

ReviewJournal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research2023

Why Animal Experiments Are Still Indispensable in Bone Research: A Statement by the European Calcified Tissue Society.

Merle Stein, Florent Elefteriou, Björn Busse, Imke Ak Fiedler, Ronald Young Kwon, Eric Farrell, Mubashir Ahmad, Anita Ignatius, Liam Grover, Liesbet Geris and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Cell lineage tracing: Methods, applications, and challenges.Quantitative biology (Beijing, China) · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. IMPC impact on preclinical mouse models.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Choose your mother wisely: the familial resemblance of bone adaptation.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Merle SteinInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Florent ElefteriouDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2972-5633
Björn BusseDepartment of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Imke Ak FiedlerDepartment of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Ronald Young KwonDepartment of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Eric FarrellDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Mubashir AhmadInstitute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9012-4039
Anita IgnatiusInstitute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4782-1979
Liam GroverHealthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, Birmingham, UK.
Liesbet GerisBiomechanics Research Unit, GIGA In Silico Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Jan TuckermannInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3691-275X

Funding

Causal Genes at BMD LociR01AR074417 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 2023 to 2025
$933k
Etiology of musculoskeletal maladies in NF1R01AR077949 · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · 2025 to 2025
$317k
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR074417NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR077949
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major achievements in bone research have always relied on animal models and in vitro systems derived from patient and animal material. However, the use of animals in research has drawn intense ethical debate and the complete abolition of animal experimentation is demanded by fractions of the population. This phenomenon is enhanced by the reproducibility crisis in science and the advance of in vitro and in silico techniques. 3D culture, organ-on-a-chip, and computer models have improved enormously over the last few years. Nevertheless, the overall complexity of bone tissue cross-talk and the systemic and local regulation of bone physiology can often only be addressed in entire vertebrates. Powerful genetic methods such as conditional mutagenesis, lineage tracing, and modeling of the diseases enhanced the understanding of the entire skeletal system. In this review endorsed by the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS), a working group of investigators from Europe and the US provides an overview of the strengths and limitations of experimental animal models, including rodents, fish, and large animals, as well the potential and shortcomings of in vitro and in silico technologies in skeletal research. We propose that the proper combination of the right animal model for a specific hypothesis and state-of-the-art in vitro and/or in silico technology is essential to solving remaining important questions in bone research. This is crucial for executing most efficiently the 3R principles to reduce, refine, and replace animal experimentation, for enhancing our knowledge of skeletal biology, and for the treatment of bone diseases that affect a large part of society. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).

Indexed as

Animal ExperimentationBone DiseasesAnimalsBone and BonesModels, AnimalReproducibility of Results3R PRINCIPLEANIMAL EXPERIMENTSANIMAL WELFAREBONEIN SILICO MODELSNON ANIMAL MODELSPRECLINICAL RESEARCHSKELETON

Identifiers

PMID37314012
PMCPMC10962000

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.