ArticleAMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science2023
Evaluate underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis bias of deep learning model on primary open-angle glaucoma diagnosis in under-served populations.
Article in AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- MeCaMIL: Causality-Aware Multiple Instance Learning for Fair and Interpretable Whole Slide Image Diagnosis.IEEE transactions on medical imaging · 2026Article
- Review
- Advancing fair and explainable machine learning for neuroimaging dementia pattern classification in multi-racial and multi-ethnic populations.Nature communications · 2026Article
- What Is Fair? Defining Fairness in Machine Learning for Health.Statistics in medicine · 2025Review
- Assessment of demographic bias in retinal age prediction machine learning models.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2025Article
- Improving Fairness of Automated Chest Radiograph Diagnosis by Contrastive Learning.Radiology. Artificial intelligence · 2024Article
- Improving model fairness in image-based computer-aided diagnosis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Fairness-Aware Class Imbalanced Learning on Multiple Subgroups.Proceedings of machine learning research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the United States, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of blindness, especially among African American and Hispanic individuals. Deep learning has been widely used to detect POAG using fundus images as its performance is comparable to or even surpasses diagnosis by clinicians. However, human bias in clinical diagnosis may be reflected and amplified in the widely-used deep learning models, thus impacting their performance. Biases may cause (1) underdiagnosis, increasing the risks of delayed or inadequate treatment, and (2) overdiagnosis, which may increase individuals' stress, fear, well-being, and unnecessary/costly treatment. In this study, we examined the underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis when applying deep learning in POAG detection based on the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) from 22 centers across 16 states in the United States. Our results show that the widely-used deep learning model can underdiagnose or overdiagnose under-served populations. The most underdiagnosed group is female younger (< 60 yrs) group, and the most overdiagnosed group is Black older (≥ 60 yrs) group. Biased diagnosis through traditional deep learning methods may delay disease detection, treatment and create burdens among under-served populations, thereby, raising ethical concerns about using deep learning models in ophthalmology clinics.
Identifiers
37350910PMC10283103W4381716372What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.