Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37357571›Full record

ArticlePlant biotechnology journal2023

A key to totipotency: Wuschel-like homeobox 2a unlocks embryogenic culture response in maize (Zea mays L.).

Frank L McFarland, Ray Collier, Nathalie Walter, Brian Martinell, Shawn M Kaeppler, Heidi F Kaeppler

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Plant biotechnology journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. ZmTB1Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. WUSCHEL Transcription Factor: From Stem Cell Maintenance to Crop Improvement.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. The chromatin accessibility landscape during early maize seed development.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Frank L McFarlandDepartment of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Ray CollierDepartment of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Nathalie WalterDepartment of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Brian MartinellDepartment of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Shawn M KaepplerDepartment of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Heidi F KaepplerDepartment of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2814-7912
University of Wisconsin–Madison · USUniversity of Wisconsin System · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ability of plant somatic cells to dedifferentiate, form somatic embryos and regenerate whole plants in vitro has been harnessed for both clonal propagation and as a key component of plant genetic engineering systems. Embryogenic culture response is significantly limited, however, by plant genotype in most species. This impedes advancements in both plant transformation-based functional genomics research and crop improvement efforts. We utilized natural variation among maize inbred lines to genetically map somatic embryo generation potential in tissue culture and identify candidate genes underlying totipotency. Using a series of maize lines derived from crosses involving the culturable parent A188 and the non-responsive parent B73, we identified a region on chromosome 3 associated with embryogenic culture response and focused on three candidate genes within the region based on genetic position and expression pattern. Two candidate genes showed no effect when ectopically expressed in B73, but the gene Wox2a was found to induce somatic embryogenesis and embryogenic callus proliferation. Transgenic B73 cells with strong constitutive expression of the B73 and A188 coding sequences of Wox2a were found to produce somatic embryos at similar frequencies, demonstrating that sufficient expression of either allele could rescue the embryogenic culture phenotype. Transgenic B73 plants were regenerated from the somatic embryos without chemical selection and no pleiotropic effects were observed in the Wox2a overexpression lines in the regenerated T0 plants or in the two independent events which produced T1 progeny. In addition to linking natural variation in tissue culture response to Wox2a, our data support the utility of Wox2a in enabling transformation of recalcitrant genotypes.

Indexed as

Genes, HomeoboxZea maysGenotypePhenotypePlants, Genetically Modifiedembryogenic culturegenetic mappingmaizesomatic embryogenesistotipotencyWuschel-like homeobox 2a

Identifiers

PMID37357571
PMCPMC10440991
OpenAlexW4382011023

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.